1. In Virginia Woolf’s prose, the author meticulously captures the ________ nature of human consciousness, portraying the internal world as a series of flickering, short-lived impressions that dissolve almost as soon as they emerge.
(A) perennial
(B) evanescent
(C) immutable
(D) inveterate
【解析】
句意為「在維吉尼亞·吳爾芙的散文中,作者細緻地捕捉了人類意識轉瞬即逝的本質,將內心世界描繪成一系列閃爍、短暫的印象,這些印象幾乎在出現的同時便隨之消逝。」
語境中的關鍵字如 flickering(閃爍的)、short-lived(短暫的)、dissolve(消散),都指向一種「非常短暫、容易消失」的性質。因此,空格處應填入表示「轉瞬即逝」的形容詞。
正確答案為 (B) evanescent 轉瞬即逝的;逐漸消失的
(B) evanescent 轉瞬即逝的;逐漸消失的
evanescent beauty 稍縱即逝的美
evanescent fame 曇花一現的名聲
The rainbow was evanescent, disappearing as soon as the sun went behind a cloud.
彩虹是轉瞬即逝的,太陽一躲進雲層它就消失了。
同義詞:fleeting, transient
反義詞:permanent, lasting
(A) perennial 長期的;終年的;長久的
perennial problem 存在已久的問題
perennial plant 多年生植物
Lack of resources is a perennial problem for this small school.
資源匱乏是這所小學長期存在的問題。
同義詞:enduring, perpetual
反義詞:temporary, fleeting
(C) immutable 不變的;永恆的
immutable laws of nature 永恆不變的自然法則
immutable truth 不變的真理
The decisions of the high court are often seen as immutable.
高等法院的裁決通常被視為不可更改的。
同義詞:unchangeable, permanent
反義詞:variable, flexible
(D) inveterate 積習難改的;根深蒂固的
inveterate liar 慣性說謊者
inveterate habit 根深蒂固的習慣
He is an inveterate traveler who spends every summer in a different country.
他是一個無可救藥的旅行愛好者,每年夏天都在不同的國家度過。
同義詞:chronic, ingrained
反義詞:superficial, occasional
2. The ________ network of biochemical pathways within a single cell ensures that energy production is perfectly synchronized with the organism’s metabolic needs, preventing any wasteful expenditure of resources.
(A) labyrinthine
(B) elementary
(C) rudimentary
(D) superficial
【解析】
句意為「單一細胞內錯綜複雜的生化路徑網絡,確保了能量生產與生物體的代謝需求完美同步,從而防止任何資源的浪費。」
語境描述細胞內的生化路徑(biochemical pathways)是一個精密且能達成「完美同步」的系統。在生物學中,這類網絡通常極其精密且環環相扣,因此應填入表示「複雜、迷宮般」的形容詞。
正確答案為 (A) labyrinthine 錯綜複雜的;迷宮般的
(A) labyrinthine 錯綜複雜的;迷宮般的
常用短句 labyrinthine complexity 錯綜複雜性 labyrinthine system 迷宮般的系統
例句 The tax laws in this country are so labyrinthine that even experts get confused. 這個國家的稅法如此錯綜複雜,連專家都會感到困惑。
同義詞:intricate, complex 反義詞:simple, straightforward
(B) elementary 基礎的;初級的
常用短句 elementary mistake 低級錯誤 elementary level 初級程度
Success in this field requires more than just elementary knowledge. 在這個領域取得成功,需要的不僅僅是基礎知識。
同義詞:basic, fundamental 反義詞:advanced, complex
(C) rudimentary 基本的;初步的
常用短句 rudimentary equipment 簡陋的設備 rudimentary stage 初始階段
They only had a rudimentary understanding of the technology at the time. 他們當時對這項技術僅有初步的了解。
同義詞:primitive, basic 反義詞:sophisticated, developed
(D) superficial 表面的;膚淺的
superficial wound 皮肉傷 superficial knowledge 膚淺的知識
The storm caused only superficial damage to the building’s exterior. 這場暴風雨僅對建築物的外部造成了表面上的損壞。
同義詞:shallow, external 反義詞:deep, profound
3. The successful implementation of the smart grid in the science city is a result of the ________ of various renewable energy sources, creating a unified and resilient power ecosystem that was previously fragmented.
(A) coalescence
(B) segregation
(C) deterioration
(D) fragmentation
【解析】
句意為「科學城智慧電網的成功實施,是多種再生能源結合的結果,創造了一個先前處於分裂狀態、如今統一且具韌性的能源生態系統。」
語境中提到智慧電網創造了「unified(統一的)」生態系統,並對比了「previously fragmented(先前碎片化的)」狀態。這表示原本分散的資源被整合在一起。因此,空格處需要填入一個表示「結合、合併」的動詞名詞。
正確答案為 (A) coalescence 結合;合併
(A) coalescence 結合;合併
coalescence of interests 利益的結合
gradual coalescence 逐漸融合
The coalescence of several small tech companies created a powerful new competitor.
幾家小型科技公司的合併,創造了一個強大的新競爭對手。
同義詞:union, fusion
反義詞:separation, division
(B) segregation 隔離;分開
racial segregation 種族隔離
segregation of duties 職責分工
The segregation of waste into different bins makes recycling much more efficient.
將廢棄物分類到不同的桶子裡,使回收效率更高。
同義詞:isolation, separation
反義詞:integration, inclusion
(C) deterioration 惡化;退化
weather deterioration 天氣惡化
deterioration of health 健康狀況下降
The continuous deterioration of the old bridge led to its eventual closure.
老橋的持續惡化最終導致了它的封閉。
同義詞:decline, worsening
反義詞:improvement, enhancement
(D) fragmentation 碎片化;分裂
market fragmentation 市場破碎化
habitat fragmentation 棲地破碎化
The fragmentation of the political party made it difficult to pass any new laws.
該政黨的分裂使得通過任何新法律都變得困難。
同義詞:disintegration, division
反義詞:unification, consolidation
The movement of magma within a dormant volcano is often ________; while geologists can monitor subtle pressure shifts, the exact timing of a potential eruption remains a matter of probability rather than deterministic certainty.
(A) stochastic
(B) systematic
(C) linear
(D) predictable
【解析】
句意為「休眠火山內部岩漿的運動通常是 _______ 的;雖然地質學家可以監測細微的壓力變化,但潛在噴發的確切時機仍是一個機率問題,而非決定性的必然。」
語境中的關鍵字「probability(機率)」與「rather than deterministic certainty(而非決定性的必然)」顯示岩漿運動具有隨機性與不確定性,因此應填入表示「隨機、機率性」的詞彙,故正確答案為 (A) stochastic。
(A) stochastic 隨機的;機率性的
stochastic process(隨機過程)、stochastic model(隨機模型)
The movement of particles in a fluid is a stochastic process that is difficult to predict.
(流體中微粒的運動是一個難以預測的隨機過程。)
同義詞:random, probabilistic
反義詞:deterministic, certain
(B) systematic 有系統的;有條理的
常用片語:systematic approach(系統性的方法)、systematic error(系統性誤差)
The scientist conducted a systematic study of the local ecosystem over ten years.
(科學家對當地生態系統進行了為期十年的系統性研究。)
同義詞:methodical, organized
反義詞:disorganized, chaotic
(C) linear 線性的;直線的
linear progression(線性進展)、linear equation(線性方程式)
History does not always follow a linear path toward progress.
(歷史並不總是遵循著邁向進步的線性路徑。)
同義詞:direct, sequential
反義詞:nonlinear, exponential
(D) predictable 可預測的
predictable outcome(可預見的結果)、predictable behavior(可預測的行為)
The weather in this region is quite predictable during the summer months.
(這個地區夏季時期的天氣相當容易預測。)
同義詞:foreseeable, expected
反義詞:unpredictable, erratic
The extreme sensitivity of qubits makes them highly ________ to external decoherence; consequently, even the most minute thermal vibration can lead to the instantaneous collapse of a delicate quantum state.
(A) impervious
(B) indifferent
(C) resilient
(D) vulnerable
【解析】
句意為「量子位元(qubits)的極高敏感性使其極其 _______ 外部的退相干(decoherence);因此,即使是最微小的熱振動也可能導致脆弱量子態的瞬間崩潰。」
語境中提到量子位元非常「sensitive(敏感)」,且後文指出微小的振動就會導致「collapse(崩潰)」,這顯示量子位元面對外部干擾時是非常脆弱、容易受影響的。因此應填入表示「易受傷的、脆弱的」詞彙,故正確答案為 (A) vulnerable。
(A) vulnerable 易受傷的;脆弱的
be vulnerable to…(易受…影響/傷害)、vulnerable spot(弱點)
The elderly are particularly vulnerable to the flu during winter.
(長者在冬季特別容易感染流感。)
同義詞:susceptible, fragile
反義詞:invulnerable, resistant
(B) impervious 不受影響的;不能滲透的
impervious to criticism(對批評無動於衷)、impervious layer(不透水層)
He seems impervious to the cold, wearing only a T-shirt in the snow.
(他在雪地裡只穿一件短袖,似乎一點都不怕冷。)
同義詞:unaffected, immune
反義詞:susceptible, penetrable
(C) resilient 有復原力的;韌性強的
resilient material(有彈性的材料)、resilient economy(有韌性的經濟)
The local economy proved to be resilient despite the global recession.
(儘管全球經濟衰退,當地經濟仍展現出強大的韌性。)
同義詞:tough, flexible
反義詞:brittle, weak
(D) indifferent 漠不關心的;平凡的
be indifferent to…(對…漠不關心)、indifferent performance(平庸的表現)
She was indifferent to their pleas for help.
(她對他們的求助表現得漠不關心。)
同義詞:unconcerned, detached
反義詞:passionate, concerned
6. Despite the seemingly ________ nature of the Earth’s lithosphere when viewed over a human lifespan, geological records confirm that tectonic plates are in a state of constant, albeit gradual, flux.
(A) mutable
(B) capricious
(C) immutable
(D) volatile
【解析】
句意為「儘管地球的岩石圈在以人類壽命的角度觀察時,看似具有 _______ 的本質,但地質紀錄證實板塊處於不斷且緩慢變動的狀態。」
語境中使用了轉折詞「Despite(儘管)」,意味著前後文意相反。後文提到板塊處於「constant flux(不斷變動)」,因此前半句空格處應填入與「變動」相反的詞彙,即表示「不變的、固定的」,故正確答案為 (C) immutable。
(A) mutable 可變的;易變的
常用片語:mutable nature(易變的本質)、mutable laws(可變的法律)
Language is a mutable entity that evolves alongside society.
(語言是一個會隨社會發展而演變的易變實體。)
同義詞:changeable, variable
反義詞:fixed, permanent
(B) capricious 反覆無常的;任性的
capricious weather(變化莫測的天氣)、capricious behavior(反覆無常的行為)
The capricious winds made it difficult for the sailors to steer the boat.
(變化莫測的風勢使得水手們難以操縱船隻。)
同義詞:fickle, unpredictable
反義詞:stable, consistent
(C) immutable 不變的;恆久的
immutable laws of nature(永恆不變的自然法則)、immutable truth(不變的真理)
Some people believe that human nature is immutable and never truly changes.
(有些人認為人性是永恆不變的,永遠不會真正改變。)
同義詞:unalterable, changeless
反義詞:flexible, variable
(D) volatile 易揮發的;易變動的
volatile market(波動劇烈的市場)、volatile liquid(易揮發的液體)
The political situation in that region remains extremely volatile.
(該地區的政治局勢依然極其不穩定。)
同義詞:unstable, explosive
反義詞:calm, steady
7. Environmentalists argue that we must adopt a new ________ in how we view nature, moving away from seeing it as a resource to be exploited and toward seeing it as a system to be preserved.
(A) paradox
(B) paradigm
(C) prejudice
(D) perimeter
【解析】
句意為「環保主義者主張,我們必須在看待自然的方式上採取新的 _______,從將其視為可開發的資源,轉向將其視為應保護的系統。」
語境中提到「moving away from… toward…(從…轉向…)」,這描述的是一種根本性思維模式或思考架構的改變。在英文中,表示「範例」或「思考模式、典範」的詞彙為 (B) paradigm。
(A) paradox 矛盾的事物;悖論
a cruel paradox(殘酷的矛盾)、seemingly a paradox(看似矛盾)
It is a paradox that such a rich country can have so many people living in poverty.
(這樣一個富裕的國家竟有如此多的人生活在貧困中,真是個矛盾現象。)
同義詞:contradiction, inconsistency
反義詞:consistency, certainty
(B) paradigm 典範;思維模式
paradigm shift(典範轉移)、new paradigm(新模式)
The discovery of penicillin caused a paradigm shift in the field of medicine.
(青黴素的發現引起了醫學領域的典範轉移。)
同義詞:model, pattern
反義詞:exception, anomaly
(C) prejudice 偏見;歧視
常用片語:racial prejudice(種族偏見)、without prejudice(無偏見地)
Their decision was based on prejudice rather than on the facts of the case.
(他們的決定是基於偏見而非案件的事實。)
同義詞:bias, partiality
反義詞:fairness, tolerance
(D) perimeter 周邊;邊緣
perimeter fence(圍牆)、security perimeter(安全警戒線)
Soldiers were stationed around the perimeter of the airbase.
(士兵們駐守在空軍基地周圍的警戒線上。)
同義詞:boundary, edge
反義詞:center, interior
8. Odysseus’s fatal flaw was his ________; it was this excessive pride that compelled him to taunt the Cyclops, a decision that subsequently incurred the wrath of Poseidon and prolonged his journey home by a decade.
(A) hubris
(B) meekness
(C) forethought
(D) sagacity
【解析】
句意為「奧德修斯(Odysseus)致命的缺陷是他的 _______;正是這種過度的傲慢,迫使他去嘲弄獨眼巨人,這個決定隨後招致了波賽頓的憤怒,並使他回家的旅程延長了十年。」
語境中提到的關鍵字「fatal flaw(致命缺陷)」與「excessive pride(過度的傲慢)」,在希臘文學與現代英語中,有一個專門描述這種「導致毀滅的狂傲」的詞彙,故正確答案為 (A) hubris。
(A) hubris 狂傲;傲慢
act of hubris(狂妄的行為)、pure hubris(純粹的傲慢)
The CEO’s hubris eventually led to the collapse of his entire business empire.
(執行長的狂傲最終導致了他整個商業帝國的崩潰。)
同義詞:arrogance, vanity
反義詞:humility, modesty
(B) meekness 溫順;懦弱
natural meekness(天性溫順)、with great meekness(非常溫順地)
His meekness was often mistaken for a lack of confidence.
(他的溫順常被誤認為是缺乏自信。)
同義詞:docility, submissiveness
反義詞:boldness, assertiveness
(C) forethought 深謀遠慮;預先考慮
with forethought(有預謀地)、lack of forethought(缺乏遠慮)
With a little more forethought, we could have avoided this disaster.
(如果當初多一點深謀遠慮,我們就能避開這場災難。)
同義詞:anticipation, planning
反義詞:impulsiveness, hindsight
(D) sagacity 睿智;聰慧
political sagacity(政治智慧)、man of sagacity(有智之士)
The old judge was known throughout the land for his sagacity and fairness.
(那位老法官以其睿智與公正聞名全國。)
同義詞:wisdom, discernment
反義詞:folly, stupidity
9. The author intentionally crafted a protagonist whose outward humility is ________ to his latent, overwhelming vanity, thereby creating a psychological tension that remains unresolved until the final chapter.
(A) analogous
(B) congruent
(C) antithetical
(D) equivalent
【解析】
句意為「作者特意塑造了一位主角,其外在的謙遜與他內在隱藏且壓倒性的虛榮心是 _______ 的,藉此創造出一種直到最後一章都未能化解的心理張力。」
語境中的關鍵在於「humility(謙遜)」與「vanity(虛榮)」這兩個特質在邏輯上是完全相反的。文中提到這種對立創造了「psychological tension(心理張力)」,因此空格處應填入表示「對立、相反」的詞彙,故正確答案為 (C) antithetical。
(A) analogous 類似的;可比擬的
be analogous to…(與…相似)、analogous structures(類比結構)
The wings of a bee are analogous to the wings of a bird in function.
(就功能而言,蜜蜂的翅膀與鳥類的翅膀是相似的。)
同義詞:similar, comparable
反義詞:different, disparate
(B) congruent 一致的;適合的
be congruent with…(與…一致)、congruent triangles(全等三角形)
Their goals for the project are not entirely congruent with ours.
(他們對這個專案的目標與我們的並不完全一致。)
同義詞:consistent, harmonious
反義詞:incongruous, conflicting
(C) antithetical 對立的;正相反的
antithetical to…(與…背道而馳)、antithetical concepts(對立的概念)
His aggressive behavior is antithetical to the peaceful message he preaches.
(他的侵略性行為與他所宣揚的和平訊息是完全對立的。)
同義詞:opposed, contrary
反義詞:identical, same
(D) equivalent 等值的;相等的
be equivalent to…(等同於…)、equivalent amount(等量)
Changing your mind now is equivalent to admitting defeat.
(你現在改變主意就等同於承認失敗。)
同義詞:equal, identical
反義詞:different, unequal
10. Instead of chasing idealistic goals, the committee decided to take a _____ approach to solve the immediate budget issues.
(A) pragmatic
(B) hasty
(C) desperate
(D) visionary
【解析】句意為「委員會決定採取 _______ 的方式來解決眼前的預算問題,而不是追求理想化的目標。」
語境中使用了「Instead of(而不是)」,將「idealistic goals(理想化的目標)」與空格處做對比。既然不追求理想化,轉而解決「immediate(眼前、直接)」的問題,說明這種方式是務實、講求實際成效的,故正確答案為 (A) pragmatic。
(A) pragmatic 務實的;實事求是的
pragmatic approach(務實的方法)、pragmatic solution(務實的解決方案)
In business, you must be pragmatic and focus on what actually works.
(在商場上,你必須務實並專注於真正有效的方法。)
同義詞:practical, realistic 反義詞:idealistic, impractical
(B) hasty 倉促的;草率的
hasty decision(倉促的決定)、hasty retreat(匆忙撤退)
He later regretted his hasty decision to quit his job. (他後來後悔自己當初辭職的決定做得太倉促。)
同義詞:hurried, rash 反義詞:leisurely, deliberate
(C) desperate 絕望的;孤注一擲的
desperate attempt(孤注一擲的嘗試)、desperate situation(絕望的處境)
The company made a desperate attempt to avoid bankruptcy. (這間公司為了避免破產做了孤注一擲的嘗試。)
同義詞:hopeless, frantic 反義詞:hopeful, confident
(D) visionary 有遠見的;夢想的
visionary leader(有遠見的領導者)、visionary project(具前瞻性的計畫)
The architect is known for her visionary designs that challenge traditional styles. (這位建築師以挑戰傳統風格且具前瞻性的設計聞名。)
同義詞:inspired, imaginative 反義詞:unimaginative, short-sighted
11. In the modern era, smartphones have become _____, changing the way people communicate and access information.
(A) ephemeral
(B) obsolete
(C) ubiquitous
(D) eloquent
【解析】
句意為「在現代,智慧型手機已變得 _______,改變了人們溝通與獲取資訊的方式。」
(A) ephemeral 短暫的;轉瞬即逝的
ephemeral beauty(稍縱即逝的美)、ephemeral fashion(短暫的流行)Social media trends are often ephemeral, lasting only a few days.
(社群媒體的趨勢通常很短暫,只會持續幾天。)
同義詞:transient, fleeting
反義詞:permanent, eternal
(B) obsolete 過時的;淘汰的
obsolete technology(過時的技術)、become obsolete(變得過時)
Traditional film cameras have largely become obsolete because of digital technology.
(由於數位技術的發展,傳統底片相機已很大程度上被淘汰了。)
同義詞:outdated, antiquated
反義詞:modern, current
(C) ubiquitous 無處不在的;普遍存在的
ubiquitous presence(無所不在的存在)、ubiquitous influence(普遍的影響)
Coffee shops are ubiquitous in this city; you can find one on almost every corner.
(這座城市的咖啡店無處不在,幾乎在每個角落都能找到一家。)
同義詞:omnipresent, pervasive
反義詞:rare, scarce
(D) eloquent 雄辯的;有說服力的
eloquent speech(雄辯的演說)、eloquent testimony(有力的證詞)
The president gave an eloquent speech that inspired millions of people.
(總統發表了一場動人的演說,激勵了數百萬人。)
同義詞:articulate, persuasive
反義詞:inarticulate, tongue-tied
12. After evaluating the budget and manpower, the school board concluded that the new bilingual program was indeed _____ for the next semester.
(A) precarious
(B) strenuous
(C) feasible
(D) reluctant
【解析】
句意為「在評估預算與人力之後,學校董事會得出結論,認為新的雙語計畫在下個學期確實是 _______ 的。」
語境中提到在「evaluating the budget and manpower(評估預算與人力)」之後得出結論,這通常是為了確認計畫是否「做得成」或「可實行」。因此應填入表示「可行的」詞彙,故正確答案為 (C) feasible。
(A) precarious 不穩定的;危險的
precarious position(危險的處境)、precarious balance(不穩定的平衡)
The museum’s financial situation remains precarious due to the lack of tourists.
(由於缺乏遊客,這間博物館的財務狀況依然不穩定。)
同義詞:unstable, risky
反義詞:secure, stable
(B) strenuous 費力的;艱苦的
strenuous exercise(劇烈運動)、strenuous efforts(竭力的奮鬥)
The doctor advised him to avoid strenuous activity for at least a week.
(醫生建議他至少一週內要避免劇烈運動。)
同義詞:arduous, demanding
反義詞:easy, effortless
(C) feasible 可行的;行得通的
feasible solution(可行的解決方案)、economically feasible(經濟上可行的)
With the current technology, building a city on Mars is not yet feasible.
(以現在的技術,在火星上建造城市尚不可行。)
同義詞:practicable, achievable
反義詞:impossible, unworkable
(D) reluctant 不情願的;勉強的
be reluctant to…(不情願做…)、reluctant smile(勉強的微笑)
Many people are reluctant to share their personal information online.
(許多人不情願在網路上分享個人資訊。)
同義詞:unwilling, hesitant
反義詞:eager, willing
13. The scientist noticed a(n) _____ data point in the experiment that contradicted all previous findings, prompting a deeper investigation.
(A) empirical
(B) erroneous
(C) mundane
(D) anomalous
【解析】
句意為「科學家在實驗中注意到一個 _______ 的數據點,該點與之前所有的發現相矛盾,進而促使了更深入的調查。」
語境中提到該數據點「contradicted all previous findings(與先前所有發現相矛盾)」,這表示該數據是不尋常、偏離常態的。在科學語境中,描述「反常的、異常的」最精確詞彙為 (D) anomalous。
(A) empirical 以經驗為據的;實驗上的
empirical evidence(經驗證據)、empirical study(實證研究)
The theory is supported by a large body of empirical data.
(這項理論有大量的實證數據支持。)
同義詞:experimental, practical
反義詞:theoretical, hypothetical
(B) erroneous 錯誤的;不正確的
erroneous conclusion(錯誤的結論)、erroneous information(錯誤的資訊)
The decision was based on erroneous assumptions about the market.
(這個決定是基於對市場的錯誤假設。)
同義詞:incorrect, mistaken
反義詞:accurate, correct
(C) mundane 平凡的;乏味的
mundane task(平凡的工作)、mundane existence(平淡的生活)
I often find myself daydreaming during mundane meetings.
(在枯燥乏味的會議中,我常發現自己在做白日夢。)
同義詞:ordinary, dull
反義詞:extraordinary, exciting
(D) anomalous 反常的;異常的
anomalous situation(反常的情況)、anomalous result(異常的結果)
Researchers are trying to explain the anomalous weather patterns seen this year.
(研究人員正試圖解釋今年出現的異常天氣模式。)
同義詞:abnormal, irregular
反義詞:normal, typical
14. As educators, we must be _____ of the diverse learning needs of our students to provide a truly inclusive environment.
(A) oblivious
(B) cognizant
(C) skeptical
(D) heedless
【解析】
句意為「作為教育者,我們必須 _______ 學生多樣化的學習需求,才能提供一個真正具包容性的環境。」
語境中提到為了提供「inclusive environment(包容性環境)」,教育者對於學生的需求必須具備「察覺」或「意識」。因此應填入表示「意識到、察覺到」的詞彙,故正確答案為 (B) cognizant。
(A) oblivious 遺忘的;未察覺的
be oblivious to/of…(察覺不到…)、oblivious of the surroundings(沒注意到周圍)
He was so absorbed in his book that he was oblivious to the noise around him.
(他太沉迷於書本,以至於完全沒有察覺到周圍的噪音。)
同義詞:unaware, unconscious
反義詞:aware, mindful
(B) cognizant 察覺到的;意識到的
be cognizant of…(意識到…)、fully cognizant(充分了解)
We must be cognizant of the potential risks before making a final decision.
(在做出最終決定之前,我們必須意識到潛在的風險。)
同義詞:aware, conscious
反義詞:unaware, ignorant
(C) skeptical 懷疑的
be skeptical about/of…(對…持懷疑態度)、skeptical look(懷疑的眼神)
Many experts remain skeptical about the success of the new project.
(許多專家對這項新計畫的成功仍持懷疑態度。)
同義詞:doubtful, dubious
反義詞:trusting, convinced
(D) heedless 漫不經心的;不留心的
be heedless of…(不顧…/不注意…)、heedless driving(魯莽駕駛)
He ran across the street, heedless of the oncoming traffic.
(他不顧迎面而來的車流,逕自跑過街道。)
同義詞:careless, reckless
反義詞:attentive, cautious
15. Despite being an expert in the field, he remained _______ during the meeting, preferring to listen to others’ opinions first.
(A) reticent
(B) defiant
(C) eager
(D) loquacious
【解析】
句意為「儘管他是該領域的專家,他在會議期間仍保持 _______,傾向於先聆聽他人的意見。」
語境中使用了轉折詞「Despite(儘管)」,通常專家給人的印象是會發表大量意見,但後文提到他「preferring to listen(傾向於聆聽)」,這表示他話不多、保持沉默。因此應填入表示「沉默寡言」的詞彙,故正確答案為 (A) reticent。
(A) reticent 沉默寡言的;不輕易透露的
be reticent about…(對…保持沉默/隻字不提)、naturally reticent(天生寡言)
He is very reticent about his past, rarely mentioning where he grew up.
(他對自己的過去非常沉默寡言,很少提到他在哪裡長大。)
同義詞:reserved, quiet
反義詞:talkative, loquacious
(B) defiant 挑釁的;目中無人的
defiant act(挑釁行為)、defiant attitude(反抗的態度)
The protesters remained defiant even after the police arrived.
(即使警察到達後,抗議者仍保持著挑釁的態度。)
同義詞:rebellious, disobedient
反義詞:compliant, obedient
(C) eager 渴望的;熱切的
be eager to…(渴望做…)、eager for success(渴望成功)
The students were eager to learn more about the new technology.
(學生們熱切地想了解更多關於這項新技術的知識。)
同義詞:keen, enthusiastic
反義詞:indifferent, apathetic
(D) loquacious 多話的;喋喋不休的
loquacious host(口若懸河的主持人)、become loquacious(變得話多)
After a few glasses of wine, he became quite loquacious.
(喝了幾杯酒後,他變得相當健談。)
同義詞:garrulous, talkative
反義詞:taciturn, reticent
1. The global energy landscape is currently undergoing a pivotal metamorphosis, with renewable power capacity projected to surge by nearly 4,600 GW by 2030. This ambitious expansion indicates that renewables are set to eclipse coal as the primary electricity source by mid-2026. A foundational shift in procurement is driving this momentum; competitive auctions have largely supplanted administrative fixed tariffs. Consequently, renewables are expected to __1__ over 90% of global electricity demand growth, facilitating a transition toward a more stochastic and decentralized power grid.
Solar photovoltaics (PV) remain the primary engine of this revolution, constituting nearly 80% of capacity expansion. While utility-scale projects are vital, the rise of distributed solar PV reflects a trend fueled by soaring retail prices and the emergence of “prosumers.” In emerging markets, the __2__ of solar systems with storage units provides essential resilience for regions with unstable grids.
The wind sector presents a more nuanced picture. Onshore wind capacity is expected to rise __3__ as countries address permitting delays and supply chain bottlenecks. __4__ , the offshore sector has faced significant headwinds, such as inflationary pressures and policy shifts, leading to a 27% downward revision in growth forecasts. Despite these obstacles, China remains a dominant force, particularly in offshore expansion, where the bankability of projects remains a primary concern.
As variable sources become more prevalent, the need for grid flexibility is critical. Beyond technical advantages, the transition has profound implications for energy security. Strategic deployment of these technologies acts as a buffer against volatile markets, effectively __5__ the threat of fuel-import dependence and ensuring a more sustainable economic future.
1.(A) circumvent(B) accommodate(C) exacerbate(D) relinquish
2.(A) integration(B) segregation(C) fragmentation(D) insulation
3.(A) inadvertently(B) incrementally(C) precipitously(D) sporadically
4.(A) In essence(B) Conversely(C) Furthermore(D) By the same token
5.(A) giving in to(B) bringing about(C) fending off(D) falling through on
【解析】
第 1 題解析
句意:再生能源預計將 _______ 全球超過 90% 的電力需求增長,促進電網向隨機且去中心化轉型。
(B) accommodate 容納;提供所需;適應 (正確答案)
在此指再生能源的供應量足以「支應」或「滿足」增長的電力需求。
accommodate a need(滿足需求)、accommodate growth(適應增長)。
The new stadium can accommodate up to 50,000 spectators.(新體育場可容納多達五萬名觀眾。)
同義詞: satisfy, fulfill, adjust to
反義詞: reject, hinder
(A) circumvent 規避;繞行 (同義:avoid;反義:confront)
(C) exacerbate 使惡化;加劇 (同義:worsen;反義:alleviate)
(D) relinquish 放棄;讓出 (同義:surrender;反義:retain)
第 2 題解析
句意:在興起市場中,太陽能系統與儲能單元的 _______ 為電網不穩定的地區提供了必要的韌性。
(A) integration 整合;結合 (正確答案)
指將太陽能與儲能系統「整合」在一起運作。
vertical integration(垂直整合)、economic integration(經濟整合)。
The integration of technology into the classroom has improved learning efficiency.(將科技整合進教室已提高了學習效率。)
同義詞: combination, unification反義詞: segregation, separation
(B) segregation 隔離;種族隔離 (同義:isolation;反義:integration)
(C) fragmentation 破碎;分裂 (同義:breakup;反義:unity)
(D) insulation 絕緣;隔絕 (同義:isolation;反義:exposure)
第 3 題解析
句意:隨著各國解決許可延遲和供應鏈瓶頸,陸域風能容量預計將 _______ 增加。
(B) incrementally 遞增地;逐漸地 (正確答案)
描述在解決問題後,容量穩定且「逐步」增長的過程。
incremental improvement(逐步改進)、incremental cost(增加的成本)。
The company plans to incrementally increase its workforce over the next five years.(公司計劃在未來五年逐步增加員工人數。)
同義詞: gradually, step by step
反義詞: drastically, suddenly
(A) inadvertently 不經意地 (同義:unintentionally;反義:deliberately)
(C) precipitously 陡峭地;急遽地 (同義:abruptly;反義:gradually)
(D) sporadically 零星地;偶爾地 (同義:occasionally;反義:continuously)
第 4 題解析
句意:_______ ,離岸風電部門面臨了顯著的逆風(挑戰),例如通膨壓力和政策轉變。
(B) Conversely 相反地 (正確答案)
前文提到陸域風電看好(增加),後文提到離岸風電面臨挑戰(下修),兩者為對比關係。
Conversely, some people prefer…(相反地,有些人偏好…)
Poor health can cause depression; conversely, depression can lead to poor health.(健康不佳會導致憂鬱;相反地,憂鬱也會導致健康不佳。)
同義詞: on the contrary, however
反義詞: similarly, likewise
(A) In essence 本質上 (同義:basically)
(C) Furthermore 此外 (同義:moreover)
(D) By the same token 同理 (同義:similarly)
第 5 題解析
句意:這些技術的戰略部署可作為應對波動市場的緩衝,有效地 _______ 燃料進口依賴的威脅。
(C) fending off 擊退;抵擋 (正確答案)
意指透過再生能源來「防禦」或「擺脫」對外國燃料進口的依賴。
fend off an attack(擊退攻擊)、fend off questions(迴避問題)。
The company managed to fend off a hostile takeover bid.(公司成功抵擋了一次惡意收購。)
同義詞: ward off, repel反義詞: yield to, embrace
(A) giving in to 屈服於 (同義:succumb to;反義:resist)
(B) bringing about 導致;引起 (同義:cause;反義:prevent)
(D) falling through on 在…上失敗
2. While we often attribute our stress levels to demanding jobs, financial instability, or poor lifestyle habits, recent scientific evidence suggests that our social environment may play an even more __6__ role in our overall well-being. According to a study conducted by researchers at Indiana University, the people we choose to surround ourselves with can significantly influence our longevity and the rate __7__ which we age.
The study, published in the prestigious journal PNAS, specifically examined the impact of individuals known as “hasslers.” These are defined as annoying or difficult people who consistently provoke irritation and conflict. Lead researcher Professor Brea Perry noted that having a higher number of hasslers in one’s life is directly associated with __8__ biological aging. This phenomenon represents the physical “wear and tear” that accumulates on the body, leading to a decline in cellular health over time.
Through extensive interviews, the team identified that approximately one-third of participants had at least one hassler in their social network, while 10 percent dealt with two or more. The findings were striking: each additional hassler was linked to a 1.5 percent increase in the pace of aging. Professor Perry explained that the physiological stress response triggered by these negative interactions does not __9__ immediately; in fact, it can take several days for the body to return to its baseline state.
When individuals experience this type of social stress chronically, the cumulative effect becomes detrimental. The body remains in a state of high alert, preventing long-term recovery and eventually __10___ physical health. Ultimately, the research serves as a reminder that managing our social boundaries is not just about mental peace—it is a vital component of maintaining our physical vitality and extending our lifespan.
6.(A) decisive(B) decorative(C) marginal(D) ambiguous
7.(A) from(B) by(C) at(D) for
8.(A) delayed(B) reversed(C) accelerated(D) balanced
9.(A) expand(B) vanish(C) appear(D) strengthen
10.(A) restoring(B) enhancing(C) compromising(D) stabilizing
【解析】
6. (A) decisive (決定性的)
最近的科學證據顯示,我們的社交環境在整體健康中可能扮演更為決定性的角色。
(A) decisive: 決定性的、關鍵的(符合語境,強調社交環境的重要性)。
(B) decorative: 裝飾性的。
(C) marginal: 微小的、邊緣的。
(D) ambiguous: 模稜兩可的。
7. (C) at (在…的速率下)
句意: …會顯著影響我們的壽命以及我們老化的速率。
語法點: 英文中表達「以…的速度/速率」固定用法為 at a rate。在此處為關係代名詞用法,將 at 提前至 which 之前,形成 “the rate at which we age”。
8. (C) accelerated (加速的)
句意: 生活中擁有較多「麻煩人物(hasslers)」與加速的生物老化直接相關。
(A) delayed: 延遲的。
(B) reversed: 扭轉的、倒退的。
(C) accelerated: 加速的(符合文中提到的磨損 wear and tear 邏輯)。
(D) balanced: 平衡的。
9. (B) vanish (消失)
句意: 這種負面互動引發的生理壓力反應不會立即消失;事實上,身體可能需要幾天才能恢復基準狀態。
(A) expand: 擴張。
(B) vanish: 消失、消散
(C) appear: 出現。
(D) strengthen: 加強。
10. (C) compromising (危及、損害)
身體保持在高警戒狀態,阻礙了長期恢復並最終損害了身體健康。
(A) restoring: 修復。
(B) enhancing: 提升。
(C) compromising: 損害、危及(常用於健康或防禦系統受損)。
(D) stabilizing: 穩定
重點單字回顧
Longevity (n.): 長壽Hasslers (n.): 煩人的人、製造麻煩的人
Wear and tear (idiom): (因長期使用造成的) 磨損、損耗
Physiological (adj.): 生理上的Cumulative (adj.): 累積的
Vital (adj.): 至關重要的
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