114 國立彰化高中教師甄選試題英文科

George Orwell was disenchanted with journalism and the media, claiming they were a propaganda machine to ____ lies to the masses.

(A) aggravate (B) reciprocate (C) disseminate (D) exacerbate      C

(A) aggravate加重、惡化;激怒

aggravate the problem(使問題惡化)

aggravate symptoms(使症狀加劇)

be aggravated by…(因…而加重)

The loud noise aggravated his headache.大聲噪音讓他的頭痛加劇。

同義詞worsen(惡化)exacerbate(加劇)

反義詞alleviate(緩和)ease(減輕)

(B) reciprocate回應、回報(某個行為、感情)

reciprocate feelings(回應感情)reciprocate a favor(回報恩惠)

reciprocate support(回應支持)

She smiled at him, but he did not reciprocate.

她對他微笑,但他沒有回應。

同義詞return(回報)respond(回應)

反義詞ignore(忽視)reject(拒絕)

(C) disseminate 散播、傳播(訊息、知識、思想)

disseminate information(散播資訊)disseminate knowledge(傳播知識)

disseminate propaganda(散布宣傳)

The government was accused of disseminating false information.

政府被指控散播假消息。

同義詞spread(散布)circulate(傳播)propagate(宣傳、散播)

反義詞conceal(隱藏)suppress(壓制)

(D) exacerbate惡化、加劇(通常指問題或狀況變得更糟)

exacerbate tensions(加劇緊張)exacerbate conflict(加劇衝突)

exacerbate the situation(使情況惡化)

His remarks only exacerbated the conflict.

他的言論只讓衝突更加惡化。

同義詞worsen(惡化)aggravate(加劇)

反義詞alleviate(緩和)mitigate(減輕)

During the recent Senate hearing on AI regulation, lawmakers voiced a ____ of concerns ranging from data privacy to algorithmic bias.

(A) litany(B) rapport(C) sacrilege(D) impetus       A

【解析】在最近針對 AI 監管的參議院聽證會上,立法者表達了從資料隱私到演算法偏見等一連串的擔憂。

(A) litany 一連串(抱怨、問題、批評等常負面的事項)

a litany of complaints(一連串抱怨)a litany of problems(許多問題)

a litany of concerns(許多擔憂)

The report listed a litany of safety issues.

這份報告列出了一連串的安全問題。

同義詞: series(一連串)、string(連串)、array(大量)

反義詞: none(無)、absence(缺乏)

(B) rapport 融洽關係、和諧互動

build rapport(建立融洽關係)develop rapport with…(與…建立關係)

a good rapport(一個良好關係)

The teacher quickly developed a good rapport with her students.

老師很快就與學生建立良好關係。

同義詞: harmony(和諧)、connection(連結)

反義詞: discord(不和)、alienation(疏離)

(C) sacrilege 褻瀆、不敬(尤其對宗教、神聖事物)

commit sacrilege(犯下褻瀆行為)an act of sacrilege(褻瀆行為)

In some cultures, touching sacred objects may be seen as sacrilege.

在某些文化中,觸碰神聖之物可能被視為褻瀆。

同義詞: blasphemy(褻瀆)、profanity(不敬)

反義詞: reverence(尊敬)、veneration(崇敬)

(D) impetus 推動力、刺激、促進因素

give impetus to…(給予…推動力)provide an impetus(帶來動力)

impetus for growth(成長的推動力)

The new policy gave fresh impetus to technological innovation.

新政策為技術創新帶來新的推動力。

同義詞: motivation(動力)、drive(推動)、stimulus(刺激)

反義詞: deterrent(抑制因素)、hindrance(阻礙)     

 Under the USSR regime, the government officials didn’t have to spend dreary hours getting in line for groceries like everybody else. They could walk into a special food shop, fill a cart with sausage and fresh fruit, pay a few roubles, and ____ out of the shop.

(A) repatriate(B) thrash(C) exhort(D) saunter       D

【解析】在蘇聯政權下,政府官員不需要像一般人一樣花漫長又乏味的時間排隊買雜貨。他們可以走進特殊食品店,把香腸和新鮮水果裝滿購物車,付幾盧布,然後 ____ 地走出商店。

(A) repatriate 遣返;將人或物資送回原國

repatriate refugees(遣返難民)repatriate workers(遣返工人)

repatriate assets(遣返資產)

The government repatriated citizens stranded abroad.

政府將滯留海外的公民遣返回國。

同義詞: return(返國)、send back(送回)

反義詞: exile(放逐)、deport(驅逐)

(B) thrash 痛打、猛擊;(非正式)徹底擊敗

thrash an opponent(痛擊對手)thrash about(亂動、掙扎)

thrash someone with a stick(用棍子痛打某人)

The boxers thrashed each other in the ring.拳擊手在擂台上互相痛打。

同義詞: beat(打)、pummel(猛擊)

反義詞: protect(保護)、spare(饒恕)

(C) exhort 力勸、敦促

exhort someone to act(敦促某人採取行動)

exhort the crowd(呼籲群眾)exhort restraint(敦促克制)

The leader exhorted his followers to stay calm.

領袖敦促他的追隨者保持冷靜。

同義詞: urge(敦促)、encourage(鼓勵)

反義詞: discourage(阻止)、deter(制止)

(D) saunter 漫步、閒逛(帶有輕鬆、悠閒的意味)

saunter down the street(沿著街道漫步)

saunter into the room(慢慢走進房間)

saunter out of the shop(慢慢走出商店)

He sauntered out of the café as if he had all the time in the world.

他慢悠悠地走出咖啡館,彷彿時間很多似的。

同義詞: stroll(散步)、amble(緩行)

反義詞: rush(匆忙)、hurry(趕忙)    

Before Lego came up with a more efficient system, retailers returned most of the sets unsold in summer and the company became ____ with inventory.

(A) recuperated (B) inundated(C) validated(D) galvanized  B

【解析】在樂高想出更有效率的系統之前,零售商在夏季退回了大部分未售出的套組,導致公司被庫存所 ____。

(A) recuperated 恢復、復原(通常指健康、體力)

recuperate from illness(從疾病中復原)

recuperate energy(恢復精力)fully recuperated(完全康復)

He recuperated quickly after the surgery.他在手術後很快康復。

同義詞: recover(恢復)、heal(痊癒)

反義詞: deteriorate(惡化)、decline(衰退)

(B) inundated 淹沒、應接不暇;大量充斥

be inundated with requests(被大量請求淹沒)

inundated by emails(被大量電子郵件淹沒)

inundated with inventory(庫存堆滿)

The company was inundated with orders after the promotion.

促銷後公司被大量訂單淹沒。

同義詞: overwhelmed(不堪負荷)、flooded(被淹沒)

反義詞: scarce(稀少)、lacking(缺乏)

(C) validated 證實、確認、驗證

validate a claim(證實主張)validate data(驗證資料)

validate a feeling(肯定某人的感受)

The scientists validated the results through multiple experiments.

科學家透過多次實驗證實了結果。

同義詞: confirm(確認)、verify(驗證)

反義詞: invalidate(使無效)、disprove(證明為假)

(D) galvanized 激勵、促使採取行動

galvanize public support(激起大眾支持)

galvanize a team(激勵團隊)galvanized into action(被激勵而行動)

The crisis galvanized the community to work together.

這場危機促使社區團結合作。

同義詞: motivate(激勵)、spur(刺激)

反義詞: discourage(使氣餒)、deter(阻止)     

The 1980s and 1990s were defined by the ____ success of Hong Kong singers, who dominated the pop music scene not only in their local market, but also in the booming island nation.

(A) equivocal(B) perennial(C) intrepid(D) strenuous    B

【解析】1980 和 1990 年代的特色在於香港歌手的 ____ 成功,他們不僅在當地市場稱霸,也在蓬勃發展的島國音樂界佔據主導地位。

(A)   equivocal 模稜兩可的、含糊的

equivocal answer(模棱兩可的回答)equivocal statement(含糊的說法)

be equivocal about…(對…態度含糊)

The politician gave an equivocal response.

那位政治人物給出一個含糊的回應。

同義詞: ambiguous(模糊的)、vague(不明確的)

反義詞: explicit(明確的)、clear(清楚的)

(B) perennial 長期的、持久不衰的;多年生的

perennial success(持久的成功)

perennial favorite(長期受歡迎的人事物)

perennial influence(長期影響)

She is a perennial bestseller author.她是長期暢銷作家。

同義詞: enduring(持久的)、lasting(長久的)

反義詞: temporary(短暫的)、fleeting(稍縱即逝的)

(C) intrepid 無畏的、勇敢的

intrepid explorer(無畏的探險家)intrepid journalist(勇敢的記者)

intrepid spirit(無畏精神)

The intrepid climber reached the summit despite harsh conditions.

這位無畏的登山者儘管環境艱困仍登上山頂。

同義詞: fearless(勇敢的)、brave(勇敢的)

反義詞: timid(膽怯的)、cowardly(懦弱的)

(D) strenuous 費力的、耗體力的;努力的

strenuous exercise(費力運動)strenuous objection(強烈反對)

strenuous effort(竭力的努力)

The hike was strenuous but rewarding.這趟徒步旅行雖然辛苦,但值得。

同義詞: exhausting(累人的)、arduous(艱鉅的)

反義詞: easy(輕鬆的)、effortless(不費力的) 

While traditional Chinese weddings emphasize symbolism and family honor, some modern celebrations have taken on an ____ flair, with lavish banquets and extravagant gold jewelry displays.

(A) volatile(B) distraught(C) succinct(D) ostentatious  D

【解析】傳統中式婚禮強調象徵意義與家族榮譽,但一些現代婚禮卻呈現出一種 ____ 的風格,有鋪張的宴席與奢華的黃金飾品展示。

(A) volatile 易變的、不穩定的;(情緒)反覆無常的

volatile market(波動大的市場)volatile situation(不穩定的局勢)

emotionally volatile(情緒不穩定)

The stock market is highly volatile this year.今年股市高度不穩定。

同義詞: unstable(不穩定)、unpredictable(不可預測)

反義詞: stable(穩定)、steady(平穩)

(B) distraught 心煩意亂的、心神不寧的

be distraught over…(因…而心煩意亂)

distraught parents(焦急的父母)emotionally distraught(情緒崩潰)

She was distraught after hearing the news.聽到這消息後她心煩意亂。

同義詞: distressed(痛苦的)、upset(心煩的)

反義詞: calm(冷靜的)、composed(鎮定的)

(C) succinct 簡潔的、言簡意賅的

succinct summary(精簡摘要)succinct explanation(簡潔的說明)

speak succinctly(簡潔地說話)

He gave a succinct answer to the question.他給出一個簡潔的回答。

同義詞: concise(簡潔)、brief(簡短)

反義詞: verbose(冗長的)、wordy(多話的)

(D) ostentatious 炫耀的、鋪張的、浮華的

ostentatious display of wealth(炫富)ostentatious jewelry(奢華珠寶)

ostentatious lifestyle(奢侈生活方式)

The couple hosted an ostentatious wedding with extravagant décor.

這對新人舉辦了一場奢華鋪張的婚禮,布置十分誇張。

同義詞: showy(浮華的)、pretentious(炫耀的)

反義詞: modest(樸素的)、understated(低調的)     

 ____ atop the Red Hill of Lhasa, Potala Palace is the spiritual sanctuary of Tibetan Buddhism and stands as a testament to the architectural accomplishments of the Tibetan people.

(A) Nestled(B) Hoisted(C) Feigned(D) Inducted   A

【解析】____ 在拉薩的紅山之巔,布達拉宮是藏傳佛教的精神聖地,也見證了藏族人民的建築成就。

(A) nestled 坐落於、依偎於(多用於風景優美、山谷、山頂等位置

nestled atop…(坐落於…之上)

nestled in the mountains(位於群山之中)

nestled by the lake(依偎在湖畔)

The village is nestled in a peaceful valley.

這座村莊坐落於一個寧靜的山谷中。

同義詞: situated(位於)、perched(坐落於高處)、located(座落)

反義詞: exposed(暴露的)、standing alone(孤立的)

(B) hoisted 升起、吊起(通常指旗子、重物)

hoist a flag(升旗)hoist equipment(吊起設備)

hoist a banner(升起布條)

The workers hoisted the machinery onto the platform.

工人們將機器吊上平台。

同義詞: lift(舉起)、raise(升起)

反義詞: lower(放下)、drop(下降)

(C) feigned 假裝的、偽裝的

feigned interest(假裝有興趣)feigned illness(裝病)

feigned surprise(假裝驚訝)

She gave a feigned smile to hide her discomfort.

她露出假笑來掩飾她的不自在。

同義詞: pretended(假裝的)、fake(假的)

反義詞: genuine(真誠的)、sincere(真摯的)

(D) inducted 使就任、使入伍;使加入(機構、名人堂)

inducted into the Hall of Fame(引入名人堂)

inducted into the army(入伍)induct a new member(使新成員入會)

He was inducted into the sports hall of fame.

他被引入體育名人堂。

同義詞: inaugurated(就任)、installed(任命)

反義詞: removed(罷免)、dismissed(解職)     

In a recent security mishap, National Security Adviser Mike Waltz ____ included journalist Jeffrey Goldberg in a confidential Signal group chat discussing U.S. military plans in Yemen.

(A) nonchalantly(B) ostensibly(C) inadvertently(D) sporadically C

【解析】在最近的一起安全疏失中,國家安全顧問 Mike Waltz ____ 將記者 Jeffrey Goldberg 加入了一個討論美國在葉門軍事計畫的機密 Signal 群組。

(A) nonchalantly 冷漠地、漠不關心地、若無其事地

speak nonchalantly(若無其事地說)walk nonchalantly(若無其事地走)

respond nonchalantly(冷淡回應)

He nonchalantly shrugged off the criticism.

他若無其事地將批評拋諸腦後。

同義詞: casually(隨意地)、indifferently(冷淡地)

反義詞: anxiously(焦急地)、attentively(專注地)

(B) ostensibly 表面上、看似如此(但實情可能不同)

ostensibly supportive(表面上支持)ostensibly neutral(看似中立)

ostensibly for security reasons(表面上是出於安全理由)

The plan was ostensibly for public safety, but critics disagreed.

該計畫表面上是為了公共安全,但批評者並不認同。

同義詞: apparently(表面上)、seemingly(看似)

反義詞: actually(實際上)、truly(真正地)

(C) inadvertently 不慎地、無意地、非故意地

inadvertently include someone(不小心把某人加入)

inadvertently reveal information(不小心洩漏資訊)

inadvertently cause harm(無意間造成傷害)

She inadvertently sent the message to the wrong group.

她不小心把訊息傳到了錯的群組。

同義詞: accidentally(意外地)、unintentionally(非故意地)

反義詞: deliberately(故意地)、intentionally(刻意地)

(D) sporadically 零星地、偶爾地、不定期地

occur sporadically(零星發生)sporadically updated(偶爾更新)

sporadic reports(零星報告)

Power outages occurred sporadically throughout the region.

該地區各處偶爾發生停電。

同義詞: occasionally(偶爾)、intermittently(間歇地)

反義詞: continuously(持續地)、frequently(頻繁地)      

____ in layers of austere wool and illuminated by a single lantern, Florence Nightingale navigated the corridors with a resolute grace to bring solace to the moaning and writhing patients.

(A) Tapered(B) Swathed(C) Percolated(D) Ingrained B

【解析】

裹著簡樸的羊毛層,並由單盞燈照亮,南丁格爾帶著堅定的優雅穿行於走廊,為呻吟扭動的病患帶來安慰。

(A) Tapered逐漸變細的,尖細的

tapered end 尖細的末端tapered pants 錐形褲

The candle tapered to a fine point.蠟燭逐漸變細到一個尖端。

narrowed(變窄的)widened(變寬的)

(B) Swathed 包裹,裹住

swathed in cloth 用布包裹swathed in mystery 被神秘籠罩

The newborn baby was swathed in a soft blanket.

新生兒被柔軟的毯子包裹著。

正:wrapped(包裹)反:uncovered(未覆蓋的)

(C) Percolated滲透,過濾

percolated coffee 滲濾咖啡percolate through 滲透

Water slowly percolated through the soil.水慢慢滲透到土壤中。

正:filtered(過濾的)反:blocked(阻塞的)

(D) Ingrained根深蒂固的,深植於心的

ingrained habit 根深蒂固的習慣deeply ingrained beliefs 深植的信念

Punctuality is ingrained in him.守時是他根深蒂固的習慣。

正:entrenched(牢固的)反:superficial(表面的)    

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