114國立嘉義高級中學教師甄選試題英文科

Although the topic was emotional, his _______ delivery, superfluously filled with exaggerated gestures and a theatrical tone, made it hard for the audience to connect with his message.

(A) serried (B) checked (C) mannered (D) calculated   C

【解析】「儘管主題很感性,但他 _______ 的表達方式,充滿過度的手勢與戲劇化的語調,使觀眾難以與他的訊息產生共鳴。」

(A) serried密集的、排列緊密的

serried ranks(整齊密集的隊伍)serried rows(緊密排列的行列)

in serried lines(排成密集行列)

The soldiers stood in serried ranks, ready for inspection.

士兵們站成整齊密集的隊伍,準備接受檢閱。

同義詞dense(密集的)crowded(擁擠的)compact(緊密的)

反義詞sparse(稀疏的)scattered(分散的)

(B) checked受抑制的、被阻止的(形容詞)

check 原為「檢查」,但 adj. checked 多指「被控制住的」

checked anger(被壓抑的怒氣)checked growth(被遏止的成長)

a checked pattern(格子紋樣 → 另一個常見意思)

He spoke with checked anger, trying not to raise his voice.

他帶著壓抑的怒氣說話,努力不讓音量提高。

同義詞restrained(克制的)suppressed(壓抑的)

controlled(受控制的)

反義詞

unrestrained(不受拘束的)unchecked(未受控制的)

(C) mannered 矯揉造作的;不自然的;裝模作樣的

mannered speech(做作的說話方式)a mannered style(做作的風格)

overly mannered performance(過度做作的表演)

His mannered speech made it hard for the audience to take him seriously.

他那做作的說話方式讓觀眾很難認真看待他。

同義詞affected(矯揉造作的)artificial(不自然的)

pretentious(自命不凡、矯飾的)

反義詞natural(自然的)genuine(真誠的)unaffected(不做作的)

(D) calculated蓄意的、故意安排的;深思熟慮的

calculated move(經過深思熟慮的行動)

calculated risk(經評估後的風險)

calculated behavior(有企圖的行為)

His apology seemed calculated, as if he had planned every word.

他的道歉似乎是刻意安排的,好像每個字都事先想好。

同義詞deliberate(故意的)intentional(有意的)planned(計畫好的)

反義詞spontaneous(自發的)unplanned(未計畫的) 

 During the award ceremony, the university president _______ the research team and applauded their groundbreaking discovery.

(A) felicitated(B) arrogated(C) dissipated(D) disinterred      A

【解析】「在頒獎典禮上,校長 _______ 這個研究團隊,並對他們的突破性發現表示讚賞。」

(A) felicitated 向…表示祝賀、致賀(正式用語)

felicitate someone on their achievement(祝賀某人的成就)

be felicitated for…(因…受到表揚)

felicitation speech(祝賀詞)

The committee felicitated the winners on their remarkable achievements.

委員會向得獎者的傑出成就表示祝賀。

同義詞congratulate(祝賀)commend(讚揚)honor(表彰)

反義詞criticize(批評)disregard(忽視)condemn(譴責)

(B) arrogated擅取;妄稱;把(權力、資格)據為己有

arrogate power to oneself(擅自取權)

arrogate the authority of…(僭奪某人的權力)

arrogate a position(擅自宣稱某職位)

He arrogated the right to make decisions without consulting the team.

他擅自奪取了做決定的權力,而未與團隊討論。

同義詞usurp(篡奪)seize(奪取)assume without right(非法擅取)

反義詞relinquish(放棄)yield(讓出)renounce(宣布放棄)

(C) dissipated(v.)驅散、消散;(adj.)放蕩的、荒淫的

dissipate energy(消散能量)dissipate fear(消除恐懼)

a dissipated lifestyle(放蕩的生活)

The fog dissipated as the sun rose.隨著太陽升起,霧氣逐漸散去。

同義詞disperse(散開)vanish(消失)squander(揮霍)(延伸義)

反義詞accumulate(累積)gather(聚集)concentrate(集中)

(D) disinterred將(屍體或埋藏物)掘出;發掘

disinter a corpse(掘出屍體)disinter old documents(挖掘出舊文件)

disinter buried evidence(挖出埋藏證據)

The archaeologists disinterred ancient pottery from the site.

考古學家從該地挖掘出了古代陶器。

同義詞exhume(掘出)unearth(挖掘)dig up(挖出)

反義詞bury(埋葬)inter(下葬)conceal(隱藏)

After years of poor investments and mounting debt, the once-wealthy businessman found himself living in _______, unable to afford even basic necessities.

(A) osmosis(B) aversion(C) penury(D) grievance C

【解析】「多年來的糟糕投資與不斷增加的債務,使這位曾經富有的商人落入 _______,甚至連基本生活必需品都負擔不起。」

(A) osmosis滲透作用(科學)(比喻)不知不覺中受到影響、潛移默化

learning by osmosis(耳濡目染地學習)cultural osmosis(文化滲透)

osmosis process(滲透過程)

Children often learn language by osmosis, simply by being exposed to it.

孩子常常透過耳濡目染就學會語言。

同義詞absorption(吸收)diffusion(滲透)

反義詞deliberate learning(刻意學習)

(B) aversion厭惡、反感、討厭

have an aversion to…(討厭…)develop an aversion to…(產生反感)

strong aversion(強烈反感)

She has an aversion to loud noises.她對噪音極度反感。

同義詞dislike(不喜歡)repulsion(厭惡)antipathy(反感)

反義詞fondness(喜愛)attraction(吸引)

(C) penury 赤貧、極度貧困;窮困潦倒

live in penury(生活在赤貧中)fall into penury(陷入赤貧)

suffer penury(受貧困所苦)

After losing his business, he lived in penury, unable to buy even basic necessities.

在失去生意後,他活在赤貧之中,甚至連基本用品都買不起。

同義詞destitution(極度貧困)poverty(貧窮)indigence(赤貧)

反義詞affluence(富裕)prosperity(繁榮)wealth(財富)

(D) grievance不滿、抱怨、委屈;申訴

file a grievance(提出申訴)grievance against someone(對某人的不滿)

employee grievance(員工申訴)

Employees filed a grievance over unfair working conditions.

員工就不公平的工作條件提出申訴。

同義詞complaint(抱怨)objection(異議)resentment(怨恨)

反義詞satisfaction(滿意)contentment(滿足)    

 During the town hall meeting, she delivered a fervent, _______ plea for climate action. Her contagious voice trembled with urgency and deep conviction.

(A) unprincipled (B) impassioned(C) disenchanted(D) inflamed  B

【解析】「在市民大會上,她發表了一段熱切、________ 的呼籲以推動氣候行動。她那富感染力的聲音因緊迫感與深刻信念而顫抖。」

空格修飾「plea(懇求、呼籲)」,描述「情感強烈的、充滿激情的」語氣。

(A) unprincipled無原則的;不道德的;不守規範的

•       an unprincipled politician(不道德的政客)

•       unprincipled behavior(無原則、無道德的行為)

He was criticized for his unprincipled business practices.

他因不道德的商業行為而遭受批評。

同義詞unethical(不道德的)immoral(不道德的)corrupt(腐敗的)

反義詞principled(有原則的)ethical(道德的)upright(正直的)

(B) impassioned充滿激情的;熱切的;深具情感的

impassioned plea(熱切的呼籲)impassioned speech(充滿激情的演說)

impassioned argument(激昂的論點)

She made an impassioned plea for peace.她為和平發出熱切的呼籲。

同義詞passionate(熱情的)fervent(熱切的)ardent(熱忱的)

反義詞dispassionate(冷靜的)indifferent(冷漠的)

apathetic(無感的)

(C) disenchanted不再抱有幻想的;感到幻滅的;失望的

be disenchanted with…(對…感到幻滅)

increasingly disenchanted(越來越失望)

Many voters have become disenchanted with politics.

許多選民對政治感到幻滅。

同義詞disillusioned(幻滅的)disappointed(失望的)

反義詞enchanted(著迷的)captivated(被吸引的)

(D) inflamed(字面)發炎的(比喻)激起怒火、被煽動的、狂熱的

inflamed passions(被煽動的情感)inflamed rhetoric(煽動性的言辭)

inflamed crowd(被激怒的群眾)

His speech inflamed the crowd.他的演說煽動了群眾。

同義詞agitated(被激動的)excited(激動的)incited(被煽動的)

反義詞calm(平靜的)soothed(被安撫的)  

 After eating far too quickly, he began to feel an uncomfortable _______ in his abdomen. Evidently, his stomach was struggling to cope with the large meal.

(A) analgesic(B) distension(C) partition(D) caveat       B

【解析】「吃得太快後,他開始感覺腹部有一種不舒服的 _______。顯然,他的胃正在努力應付這頓大餐。」

空格要填入描述「腹部因食物而出現的不適、膨脹感」的名詞。

(A) analgesic止痛劑;鎮痛藥

take an analgesic(服止痛藥)analgesic effect(止痛效果)

non-opioid analgesic(非鴉片類止痛藥)

The doctor prescribed an analgesic for her headache.

醫生開了止痛藥給她治療頭痛。

同義詞painkiller(止痛藥)anesthetic(麻醉劑—概念較廣)

反義詞irritant(刺激物)pain-inducing agent(引痛物)

(B) distension (身體或腔體的)膨脹、脹大、擴張

abdominal distension(腹部脹大)gastric distension(胃部膨脹)

distension of the stomach(胃部脹起)

After overeating, he experienced abdominal distension and discomfort.

暴飲暴食後,他感到腹部脹大和不適。

同義詞swelling(腫脹)bloating(脹氣)enlargement(擴大)

反義詞contraction(收縮)deflation(消退、縮小)

(C) partition隔板、分隔物;分割、分區

room partition(房間隔板)partition wall(隔牆)

partition the space(分割空間)

A wooden partition divided the room into two sections.

一面木隔板把房間分成兩區。

同義詞division(劃分)separation(分隔)

反義詞unification(統一)integration(整合)

(D) caveat警告、告誡、提醒注意之事

a major caveat(重大警告)with one caveat(帶有一項提醒)

legal caveat(法律上的告誡)

He agreed to the plan, but with one important caveat.

他同意這項計畫,但附帶一個重要的提醒。

同義詞warning(警告)caution(提醒)proviso(附帶條件)

反義詞encouragement(鼓勵)approval(贊同)   

Before publishing the image on the magazine cover, the editors _______ the photo to remove minor blemishes and enhance the lighting.

(A) obliterated(B) shelved(C) denounced(D) retouched        D

【解析】在將圖片刊登於雜誌封面之前,編輯們 _______ 了照片,以去除小瑕疵並加強光線效果。」

(A) obliterated抹去;消除;完全破壞

obliterate evidence(抹除證據)obliterate a memory(抹去記憶)

obliterate a building(毀掉建物)

The storm completely obliterated the small village.

暴風雨徹底摧毀了這座小村莊。

同義詞destroy(破壞)eliminate(消除)wipe out(徹底抹去)

反義詞preserve(保存)maintain(維持)

(B) shelved擱置、暫緩處理(字面)把…放上架子

shelved a plan(擱置計畫)shelved a project(暫緩專案)

the book was shelved(書被放上架)

The proposal was shelved due to budget constraints.

提案因預算限制而遭擱置。

同義詞postponed(延期)suspended(暫停)tabled(擱置)

反義詞pursue(推動)proceed(繼續進行)

(C) denounced公開譴責、指責

denounce corruption(譴責貪污)denounce a policy(公開譴責政策)

denounce wrongdoing(譴責不法)

The mayor denounced the violent acts.市長公開譴責暴力行為。

同義詞condemn(譴責)criticize(批評)censure(指責)

反義詞praise(稱讚)endorse(支持)

(D) retouched 修飾(照片)、潤飾(圖像)

retouch a photo(修圖)retouch the lighting(調整光線)

retouched portraits(潤飾過的肖像)

The photographer retouched the image to remove imperfections.

攝影師修飾照片以消除瑕疵。

同義詞edit(編修)airbrush(美工潤飾)enhance(美化)

反義詞unedited(未修過的)raw(原始的)  

The hikers felt their energy sapped by the oppressive summer heat, which seemed to _______ them well before they could reach the summit.

(A) enervate (B) elongate (C) implicate (D) retaliate   

【解析】登山客感到體力被壓迫性的夏季酷熱消耗殆盡,熱氣似乎在他們抵達山頂前就已經 _______ 了他們。

(A) enervate使衰弱、使無力、消耗體力

enervate the body(使身體虛弱)

an enervating climate(令人乏力的氣候)

be enervated by heat/stress(被熱/壓力弄得虛弱)

The extreme humidity enervated the runners before the race even began.

極度的潮濕在賽跑開始前就讓選手們感到體力被削弱。

同義詞weaken(削弱)exhaust(使疲憊)debilitate(使虛弱)

sap(消耗體力)

反義詞energize(使精力充沛)invigorate(使有活力)

strengthen(強化)

(B) elongate使變長、延長

elongate the timeline(延長時間表)elongate the shape(拉長形狀)

elongate muscles(拉長肌肉)

The designer chose to elongate the dress for a more elegant silhouette.

設計師將禮服拉長以呈現更優雅的輪廓。

同義詞lengthen(延長)stretch(拉長)

反義詞shorten(縮短)compress(壓縮)

(C) implicate牽連、涉及(尤其負面或犯罪)

implicate someone in a crime(牽連某人犯罪)

be implicated in wrongdoing(涉及不法)

strongly implicated(強烈涉入)

The evidence implicated the suspect in the robbery.

證據顯示嫌犯涉入搶案。

同義詞involve(涉及)incriminate(使負罪)

反義詞exonerate(證明無罪)absolve(赦免、免責)

(D) retaliate報復、回擊

retaliate against someone(向某人報復)

retaliate with force(以武力回擊)retaliatory action(報復行動)

They vowed to retaliate if attacked.他們發誓若遭攻擊就會回擊。

同義詞take revenge(復仇)strike back(反擊)

反義詞forgive(原諒)tolerate(容忍)  

The model’s _______ presence, marked by her piercing green eyes and confident posture, captivated everyone the moment she entered the room.

(A) sneaking(B) retiring(C) obliging(D) arresting D

【解析】The model’s _______ presence, marked by her piercing green eyes and confident posture, captivated everyone the moment she entered the room.

那位模特兒那種 _______ 的氣場,由她銳利的綠眼睛和自信的姿態所凸顯,一走進房間就吸引了所有人的注意。

(A) sneaking偷偷的;鬼祟的;暗中的

語意:帶有負面,形容不為人注意、偷偷摸摸。

a sneaking feeling = 一種揮之不去的(通常是負面或不確定的)感覺

sneaking suspicion = 隱隱的懷疑

I had a sneaking suspicion that he wasn’t telling the truth.

我隱隱懷疑他沒說實話。

同義詞furtive(鬼祟的)stealthy(偷偷的)

反義詞open(公開的)frank(坦率的)

(B) retiring害羞內向的;不喜歡引人注意的(形容人)

語意:形容一個人安靜、怕生、不喜歡成為焦點。

a retiring personality = 內向害羞的性格

retiring disposition = 不好出風頭的性情

She is a quiet, retiring person who avoids big crowds.

她是一個安靜內向、不喜歡人多場合的人。

同義詞shy, diffident害羞的 反義詞outgoing(外向的)bold(大膽的)

(C) obliging樂於助人的;熱心的;殷勤的

語意:與外表或存在感無關,不符合句意。

an obliging host = 熱心的主人

be obliging enough to… = 很好心地願意去……

He was very obliging and helped me carry the boxes.

他非常熱心,幫我搬那些箱子。

同義詞helpful(有幫助的)accommodating(樂於配合的)

反義詞unhelpful(不願意幫忙的)rude(粗魯的)

(D) arresting(正確答案)

引人注意的;令人注目的;非常吸引人、迷人的

語意:形容外貌、氣質或場景令人「眼睛為之一亮」。

arresting beauty = 令人驚艷的美an arresting image = 引人注目的影像

arresting presence = 惹人注目的氣場/存在感

Her arresting smile made everyone stop and stare.

她那迷人的微笑讓所有人停下來注視。

同義詞striking(醒目的)captivating(迷人的)eye-catching(吸睛的)

反義詞dull(平淡的)unimpressive(不引人注意的)  

Despite the project’s ambitious goals and detailed proposal, she had a nagging _______ that the team lacked the experience to carry it through successfully.

(A) aspersion(B) misgiving(C) disposition(D) progeny B

【解析】「儘管專案目標宏大、提案詳盡,但她心中仍有揮之不去的 _______,覺得團隊缺乏成功完成它的經驗。」

(A) aspersion誹謗、詆毀、中傷(多為複數:aspersions)

語意通常是對他人品格的負面指控,不會填入「nagging ____」。

cast aspersions on… = 毀謗某人sling/throw aspersions = 抹黑

He resented the aspersions cast on his character.

他痛恨那些對他人格的誹謗。

同義詞slander, defamation反義詞praise, compliment

(B) misgiving疑慮;不安;擔憂(常用複數:misgivings)

have misgivings about… = 對…感到疑慮

express misgivings = 表達疑慮

She had serious misgivings about the plan’s feasibility.

她對計畫的可行性深感疑慮。

同義詞doubt, concern, apprehension

反義詞confidence, assurance

(C) disposition性情;天性;傾向;習性

「nagging(揮之不去的)」語意不合,也不是「疑慮」的意思。

a cheerful disposition = 開朗的性情a disposition to… = 有…的傾向

He has a calm disposition.他有沉穩的性情。

同義詞temperament, nature

(D) progeny 後代、子孫;產物

Many of his progeny became artists. = 他的許多後代成了藝術家

the progeny of a project = 某計畫的產物(較少用)

He was proud of his progeny.他為自己的後代感到自豪。

同義詞offspring, descendants反義詞ancestors(祖先) 

He sheepishly explained his two-hour delay by mentioning traffic and a forgotten wake-up call, but the excuse sounded _______ and lacked credibility.

(A) flimsy (B) detached(C) spiny(D) radical A

【解析】他羞怯地解釋自己遲到了兩個小時,說是因為交通和忘記設定鬧鐘,但這個藉口聽起來很______,缺乏可信度。

(A) flimsy薄弱的;脆弱的(理由、藉口)站不住腳的、不充分的

a flimsy excuse 牽強的藉口flimsy evidence 薄弱的證據

a flimsy argument 不牢靠的論點

His explanation was too flimsy to believe.

他的解釋太牽強,讓人無法相信。

同義詞weak  unconvincing feeble

反義詞solid convincing credible

(B) detached超然的;不帶情感的   分離的、脫離的

a detached attitude 超然的態度detached observation 客觀的觀察

detached house 獨棟房屋

He gave a detached response, showing little emotion.

他給出冷淡的回應,幾乎沒有情感。

同義詞indifferent   aloof

反義詞involved  emotional

(C) spiny多刺的;帶刺的   棘手的(較少用)

a spiny cactus 多刺的仙人掌

spiny problems 棘手問題(較少見,用 tricky/ thorny 更自然)

The plant has spiny leaves that can hurt your hands.

這植物的葉子帶刺,會刺傷手。

同義詞prickly  thorny(比 spiny 更常指「棘手問題」)

反義詞smooth  harmless

(D) radical激進的;革命性的  根本的、徹底的

radical changes 激進的變革radical ideas 革命性的想法

radical reforms 根本改革

The government proposed radical changes to the system.

政府提出了對制度的重大改革。

同義詞extreme  revolutionary

反義詞moderate  conservative   

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