The scholar’s argument was both _______ and erudite, earning him the respect of peers and students alike.
(A) nebulous(B) incisive(C) redundant(D) fallacious B
【解析】「這位學者的論點既_______又博學多識,因此贏得了同儕與學生的尊敬。」
句中出現了 “erudite”(博學的),帶有正面語氣,因此空格也應填入一個正面、讚賞性的形容詞,用來形容學者的論點具備智慧或深刻見解。
(A) nebulous 模糊的、不清楚的。
nebulous idea (模糊的想法)
nebulous concept (不明確的概念)
例句: His theory was too nebulous to be tested scientifically.
(他的理論太模糊,無法以科學方式驗證。)
同義詞/反義詞: vague, obscure;clear, distinct。
(B) incisive 銳利的、深刻的、有洞察力的。
incisive analysis (深刻的分析) incisive mind (敏銳的頭腦)
例句: Her incisive commentary revealed the flaws in the proposal.
(她敏銳的評論揭露了提案的缺陷。)
同義詞/反義詞: sharp, penetrating, keen;superficial, dull。
(C) redundant 多餘的、重複的。
redundant expression (贅詞) redundant information (多餘的資訊)
例句: The report was filled with redundant details.
(這份報告充滿了多餘的細節。)
同義詞/反義詞: repetitive, superfluous;concise, essential。
(D) fallacious 謬誤的、錯誤的。
fallacious reasoning (錯誤的推理)fallacious argument (謬誤的論點)
例句: His fallacious assumptions undermined his entire argument.
(他錯誤的假設使整個論證站不住腳。)
同義詞/反義詞: false, misleading;valid, logical。
The student’s performance in the debate was _______; she responded to each challenge with calm precision.
(A) dubious(B) deft(C) obtuse(D) slapdash B
【解析】「這位學生在辯論中的表現十分_______;她以冷靜而精確的方式應對每一個挑戰。」
(A) dubious 可疑的、不可靠的。
dubious claim (可疑的主張) dubious reputation (可疑的名聲)
例句: His dubious explanation failed to convince anyone.
(他那可疑的解釋無法說服任何人。)
同義詞/反義詞: suspicious, doubtful;certain, trustworthy。
(B) deft 靈巧的、熟練的、機敏的。
deft handling (熟練的處理)deft touch (靈巧的手法)
例句: Her deft handling of the situation impressed everyone.
(她熟練地處理情況的方式讓大家印象深刻。)
同義詞/反義詞: skillful, adroit, nimble;clumsy, awkward。
(C) obtuse 愚鈍的、遲鈍的。
obtuse remark (愚鈍的言論)an obtuse student (遲鈍的學生)
例句: He was too obtuse to understand the subtle hint.
(他太遲鈍而無法理解那微妙的暗示。)
同義詞/反義詞: slow, dull;sharp, intelligent。
(D) slapdash 草率的、粗心的。
slapdash work (草率的工作)slapdash approach (粗糙的方法)
例句: The report was clearly put together in a slapdash manner.
(這份報告顯然是草率拼湊出來的。)
同義詞/反義詞: careless, hasty;careful, meticulous。
The scientist’s proposal was deemed _______ due to its speculative nature and lack of supporting data.
(A) quixotic(B) tenable(C) contrived(D) orthodox A
【解析】這位科學家的提案因其帶有推測性且缺乏支持數據而被視為_______。」
(A) quixotic 不切實際的,幻想的,過於理想化的。
quixotic plan (不切實際的計畫) quixotic dream (幻想的夢想)
His quixotic attempt to revolutionize physics lacked empirical support.
(他想徹底改革物理學的幻想式嘗試缺乏實證支持。)
同義詞/反義詞: idealistic, impractical;realistic, pragmatic。
(B) tenable (理論、主張等)站得住腳的,有根據的。
tenable argument (有根據的論點) tenable theory (可成立的理論)
The hypothesis is no longer tenable given the new evidence.
(根據新證據,該假設已不再站得住腳。)
同義詞/反義詞: defensible, sound;indefensible, unsupportable。
(C) contrived 做作的、不自然的、人為的。
contrived story (做作的故事) contrived excuse (牽強的藉口)
The movie’s ending felt contrived rather than genuine.
(這部電影的結尾顯得做作而不自然。)
同義詞/反義詞: artificial, forced;natural, spontaneous。
雖帶負面意涵,但強調「做作、不自然」,而非「不切實際」。語意略不符。
(D) orthodox 傳統的,正統的,遵循常規的。
orthodox approach (傳統的方法) orthodox belief (正統信仰)
He prefers an orthodox method to solve the problem.
(他偏好用傳統方法解決問題。)
同義詞/反義詞: conventional, traditional;unorthodox, radical。
The CEO’s speech attempted to _______ investor fears amid a declining market.
(A) exacerbate(B) deify(C) obfuscate(D) mollify D
【解析】The CEO’s speech attempted to _______ investor fears amid a declining market.
(執行長的演講試圖在市場下滑之際 _______ 投資者的恐懼。)
市場正在下滑 → 投資者「恐懼」→ CEO 的演講「試圖」對此做出反應。
根據常理,CEO 應該想要安撫、減輕恐懼,而不是加劇或混淆。
(A) exacerbate 惡化、加劇(通常指使壞情況更壞)
exacerbate the problem (惡化問題) exacerbate tensions (加劇緊張)
The policy only exacerbated the country’s economic woes.
(該政策只是讓該國的經濟困境更嚴重。)
(B) deify 將某人奉為神、過度崇拜
deify a leader (把領袖神化) deify celebrities (神化名人)
Some fans deify their idols.(有些粉絲把偶像神化。)
(C) obfuscate 使混亂、使模糊、故意混淆
obfuscate the truth (混淆真相) obfuscate the issue (模糊問題)
The politician tried to obfuscate the facts with vague statements.
(那位政客試圖用模糊的說法混淆事實。
(D) mollify 安撫、撫慰、使平靜
mollify fears (安撫恐懼) mollify anger (平息怒氣)
The government’s statement was intended to mollify public concern.
(政府聲明旨在安撫公眾的擔憂。)
The rarity of tsunamis in that area has _____ local people into a believing it’s safe to live on the coast.
(A) lulled
(B) pulled
(C) alarmed
(D) shifted A
【解析】海嘯很少發生 → 當地人對危險的警覺性下降 → 相信住在海岸是安全的。
(A) lulled 使平靜、使放鬆警惕、誘使入睡
lull someone into a false sense of security (使某人誤以為安全)
lull to sleep (哄睡)
The calm weather lulled sailors into a false sense of security.
(平靜的天氣使水手誤以為安全。)
(B) pulled 拉、牽引
She pulled the door open.
(C) alarmed 使驚慌、使警覺
The sudden noise alarmed the children.
(D) shifted 移動、轉變He shifted his weight from one foot to the other.
The rarity of tsunamis in that area has lulled local people into believing it’s safe to live on the coast.
(該地海嘯罕見,使當地人誤以為住在海岸是安全的。)
同義詞: soothe, calm, ease, deceive into security
反義詞: alarm, alert, awaken
The pandemic highlighted that waiting for complete information often _____ momentum; decisive action—even imperfect—can preserve agility.
(A) fizzles(B) scrawls(C) wilts(D) stalls D
【解析】
(這場疫情凸顯出,若等待所有資訊齊備,往往會使動能____;即使不完美的果斷行動,也能保持敏捷。)
句中前半句描述「等待完整資訊」會導致動能減弱或喪失;後半句則說「果斷行動」能維持敏捷。
因此,空格處應填入表示阻礙、減緩、失去動能的動詞。
(A) fizzles — 逐漸失去力量或熱度、虎頭蛇尾。
The campaign fizzled after initial enthusiasm.
(那場運動在最初的熱潮之後就逐漸冷卻了。)
同義詞:fail gradually, peter out。
(B) scrawls — 潦草地寫。
He scrawled his name on the paper.(他在紙上潦草地寫下名字。)
(C) wilts — 枯萎、衰弱(常用於植物或人)。
The flowers wilted in the heat.(花在炎熱中枯萎了。)
(D) stalls — 使停頓、使熄火、拖延。
Negotiations stalled after several rounds of talks.
(談判進行了幾輪後陷入停滯。)
同義詞:halt, impede, delay。反義詞: drives, accelerates, advances
「stall momentum」是自然搭配,意為「使動能停滯」
stall progress(使進展停滯)stall negotiations(使談判陷入僵局)
stall momentum(使動能停頓)
As the fog began to _____ the valley, the houses slowly disappeared from view.
(A) backslide(B) envelope(C) splutter(D) quell B
【解析】句意顯示「霧」逐漸覆蓋山谷,以致房屋消失不見,因此空格應填入表示包圍、籠罩的動詞。
(A) backslide — 退步、故態復萌(常用於道德或表現上)
After months of progress, he began to backslide into old habits.
(進步了幾個月後,他又回到了舊習慣。)
(B) envelope — (動詞)包圍、覆蓋、籠罩。
正確拼法應為 envelop(沒有 “e” 在中間)。
The valley was enveloped in thick mist.(山谷被濃霧籠罩。)
同義詞:surround, cover, shroud, engulf。
(C) splutter — (因生氣、吃驚或引擎不順)噴濺、急促地說話或發出聲音。
The car spluttered and came to a stop.(車子發出噗噗聲後停了下來。)
(D) quell — 平息、鎮壓(暴亂、恐懼、情緒)。
The police were called to quell the unrest.(警方被召來平息動亂。)
8. If you think the problem is with the printer, you’re probably _____. The real issue is the software.
(A) chasing shadows (B) jumping the gun
(C) barking up the wrong tree (D) going out on a limb C
【解析】(A) chasing shadows — 追逐幻影、徒勞無功。
The detective was chasing shadows with no real evidence.
(偵探沒有真正的證據,只是在追逐幻影。)
(B) jumping the gun — 搶先行動、操之過急。
They jumped the gun and announced the results before confirmation.
(他們操之過急,還沒確認就公布結果。)
(C) barking up the wrong tree — 找錯對象、誤解問題的根源。
If you think I broke the vase, you’re barking up the wrong tree.
(如果你以為是我打破花瓶,那你就找錯人了。)
(D) going out on a limb — 冒險做某事、孤注一擲。
She went out on a limb to defend her unpopular opinion.
(她為捍衛自己不受歡迎的意見而冒險。)
同義詞: misjudge, misinterpret, be mistaken
反義詞: hit the nail on the head(切中要害)
While some plants thrive on soil _____, not all are receptive to mixtures containing used coffee grounds; the tomato plant, for example, is a notable exception.
(A) impediments (B) orientations(C) endeavors (D) amendments D
【解析】
(雖然有些植物能在土壤的 _____ 下生長良好,但並非所有植物都能接受含有用過咖啡渣的混合物;例如番茄就是顯著的例外。)
句子提到「used coffee grounds(用過的咖啡渣)」是加入土壤的某種東西。
前半句說「some plants thrive on soil _____」,表示「某些植物在土壤的 某種處理或改良下生長良好」。
因此空格應填入一個與「土壤的改良、調整」有關的詞。
(A) impediments — 阻礙、妨礙物。
Poor drainage can be an impediment to healthy plant growth.
(排水不良會妨礙植物的健康生長。)
(B) orientations — 方向、取向、定位、訓練。
The building’s orientation affects how much sunlight it gets.
(建築的方向會影響其獲得的日照量。)
(C) endeavors — 努力、嘗試。
Farming is one of the oldest human endeavors.
(農業是人類最古老的事業之一。)
(D) amendments — 改良物、改進(在農業中尤指「土壤改良劑」)。
Farmers often add organic amendments to improve soil fertility.
(農民經常添加有機改良劑以改善土壤肥力。)
這是農業術語,soil amendments 意指「土壤改良物(如堆肥、石灰、咖啡渣等)」。
The central bank implemented stringent monetary policies to avert the rapid _____ of the national currency, which was losing significant value amidst accelerating inflationary pressures.
(A) debasement
(B) imposture
(C) proliferation
(D) augmentation A
【解析】
「中央銀行實施嚴格的貨幣政策,以避免國家貨幣的快速貶值(debasement),該貨幣在通膨壓力下正迅速失去價值。」
the national currency was losing significant value(貨幣正在大幅貶值) → 說明要避免的是「價值下降、貨幣貶值」的情況。
因此,空格應填入表示「貶值、價值降低、品質惡化」等負面詞。
(A) debasement貶值、降級、品質下降,尤其指貨幣貶值或品格降低。
The debasement of the currency led to a loss of public confidence.
(貨幣的貶值導致公眾信心喪失。)
同義詞/反義詞: degradation, devaluation;enhancement, improvement。
(B) imposture欺騙、詐騙行為(冒充他人身份的欺詐)。
He was exposed for his imposture as a fake doctor.
同義詞/反義詞: deceit, fraud;honesty, truthfulness。
(C) proliferation迅速增加、擴散。
The proliferation of digital currencies has transformed global finance.
同義詞/反義詞: multiplication, expansion;reduction, decline。
(D) augmentation增加、擴大。
The company sought the augmentation of its capital reserves.
同義詞/反義詞: increase, enhancement;reduction, diminishment。
The two years the author has spent writing this book have been a continuous ______ to him.
(A) invitation
(B) opinion
(C) question
(D) revelation D
【解析】The two years the author has spent writing this book have been a continuous ______ to him.
「作者花了兩年寫這本書,這兩年對他而言是一種持續不斷的______。」
「a continuous ______ to him」→ 表示這段期間對作者來說是一種持續的體驗、啟發或挑戰。
從文意推測,「寫書」通常會帶來發現、自省、啟示的感覺,因此正向、內省類的字最合適。
(A) invitation邀請、吸引。The open field was an invitation to play.
雖然有「吸引人去做某事」的意思,但「a continuous invitation to him」語意生硬,不自然。
(B) opinion意見、看法。
(C) question問題、疑問。
「a continuous question to him」可以勉強表示「持續的疑問」,但語氣略顯負面,而且不如「啟發」貼切。
(D) revelation啟示、領悟、重大發現。
The experience was a revelation to her.(這次經歷對她是一種啟示。)
「a continuous revelation to him」= 「持續不斷的啟發/領悟」,非常自然,完美契合「寫書過程帶來持續的自我發現」之意。「作者花了兩年寫這本書,而這兩年對他而言是一段持續不斷的啟示。」
A great deal of emphasis is placed on academic success, but it’s not always easy for children to _________ their parents’ expectations.
(A) live up to
(B) come up against
(C) drop in on
(D) feel up to A
【解析】「社會非常重視學業成就,但孩子們並不總是容易達到父母的期望。」
前半句說:「重視學業成就」→ 表示父母期望很高。
後半句:「not always easy for children to … their parents’ expectations」→ 暗示孩子難以達到或符合父母的期望。
因此,空格應該填入「達到、符合」這類意思的片語。
(A) live up to達到(期望、標準)、不辜負。
(B) He found it hard to live up to his parents’ high expectations.
(他覺得很難達到父母的高期望。)
(B) come up against遭遇、面對(困難、阻力)。
They came up against many challenges during the project.
(他們在專案中遇到了許多挑戰。)
(C) drop in on順道拜訪(某人)。
We dropped in on our grandparents yesterday.
(我們昨天順道拜訪了祖父母。)
(D) feel up to覺得有能力/有精神去做某事。
I don’t feel up to going out tonight.(我今晚沒心情/沒力氣出門。)
Not wanting his wife to know where he had been, John by murmuring something about working overtime.
(A) disassembled (B) dissembled
(C) assembled (D) disclosed B
【解析】「約翰不想讓妻子知道他去了哪裡,因此含糊地說自己加班了,掩飾了真相。」
前半句說 “Not wanting his wife to know…” → 表示 他想隱瞞真相、掩飾實情。
後半句 “by murmuring something about working overtime” → 他編造理由、假裝別的情況。
所以空格應該表示「掩飾、偽裝、欺騙」。
(A) disassembled拆開、解體(某物)。
He disassembled the computer to clean the inside.
(B) dissembled掩飾、偽裝、隱瞞真相。
He dissembled his true feelings to avoid an argument.
(他掩飾了自己的真實感情以避免爭吵。)
同義詞:pretend, feign, conceal。
(C) assembled組裝、集合。
They assembled the parts to build a model.
(D) disclosed揭露、透露。
He disclosed the secret to the press.
This extended journey raises the likelihood of unplanned buys, as consumers encounter items ___ had not consciously intended to purchase.
(A) that (B) they(C) which(D) those B
【解析】
「這段延長的購物旅程提高了非計劃性購買的可能性,因為消費者會遇到那些他們原本沒有刻意想要購買的商品。」
句中「had not consciously intended to purchase」的主詞應該是 consumers,而 items 是受詞。
所以我們需要一個連接主句與從句的關係代詞,用來引導一個修飾 items 的從句。
(A) that可作為關係代詞,引導限定性關係子句。
可在句中作為受詞使用(當受詞時,通常可省略,但這裡為了完整句意可保留)。
consumers encounter items (that) they had not consciously intended to purchase.
這裡句中應該有主詞 they(消費者),否則句子缺主詞。
所以正確完整句應該是:
… as consumers encounter items that they had not consciously intended to purchase.
若題目空格只有一個位置(在 items 之後),而後面沒有 they,那我們就要選能當主詞的詞。
→ 這時 that 或 which 就會充當主詞(代表 items)。
items that had not consciously intended to purchase ❌(錯)
因為 that 當主詞時,後面動詞 had not intended 的主詞應該是人(消費者),不是物品。→ 「物品不會打算購買自己」,語意錯誤。
(B) they代名詞,指代「消費者」,可作為主詞使用。
as consumers encounter items they had not consciously intended to purchase.
這裡的 they 是主詞,表示「他們原本沒有打算購買的(商品)」。
語意完全通順自然。
(C) which
關係代詞,與 that 用法類似。
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