The stark _____ between the corporation’s publicly proclaimed ethics and its hidden business practices created deep concern among employees and shareholders alike.
(A) dissonance (B) hyperbole (C) opulence (D) propensity A
【解析】「公司公開宣稱的道德準則與其隱藏的商業行為之間明顯的_______，使員工和股東深感不安。」
句中描述的是 公開宣稱的倫理 vs 隱藏的商業行為，形成強烈對比或矛盾，語意為負面且帶有「不一致、不協調」的含義，因此應選能表達「矛盾、不一致」的字。
(A) dissonance — 不一致、不協調、矛盾
moral dissonance 道德上的矛盾cognitive dissonance 認知失調
a dissonance between A and B A 與 B 之間的不一致
There is a clear dissonance between his ideals and his behavior.
他的理想與行為之間有明顯的不一致。
同義詞：inconsistency, contradiction, discrepancy
反義詞：harmony, consistency
(B) hyperbole — 誇張、誇大（修辭）
use hyperbole 使用誇張法pure hyperbole 完全是誇大
Calling it “the best product ever made” is just hyperbole.
稱它為「史上最好的產品」只是誇張。
同義詞：exaggeration反義詞：understatement
(C) opulence — 富裕、奢華
display opulence 展現奢華opulent lifestyle 奢華的生活方式
The palace’s opulence amazed visitors.宮殿的奢華令訪客驚嘆。
同義詞：luxury, lavishness反義詞：poverty, simplicity
(D) propensity — 傾向、習性
propensity to do sth 做某事的傾向propensity for violence 暴力傾向
He has a propensity to take risks.他有冒險的傾向。
同義詞：tendency, inclination反義詞：disinclination
The seasoned diplomatic expert skillfully managed to _____ the growing hostility between the opposing international parties before major conflict erupted.
(A) censor (B) elude (C) petrify (D) quell D
【解析】「這位經驗老到的外交專家在重大衝突爆發前，熟練地設法_______兩方國際勢力之間日益升高的敵意。」
(A) censor — 審查、刪減（內容）
censor a book 審查一本書censor information 審查資訊
The government decided to censor the sensitive documents.
政府決定審查敏感文件。
同義詞：edit, suppress (內容)反義詞：publish freely
(B) elude — 躲避、避開
elude capture 躲避逮捕the meaning eludes me 我不理解其含義
The criminal managed to elude the police.
罪犯成功躲避警察。
同義詞：escape, evade反義詞：confront
(C) petrify — 使僵化、使嚇呆
petrify with fear 嚇得僵住petrified expression 嚇呆的表情
The loud explosion petrified the crowd.巨響讓群眾嚇呆了。
同義詞：terrify, stun反義詞：calm
(D) quell — 平息、壓制、制止
quell violence 平息暴力quell unrest 平息動亂
quell hostility 平息敵意
The leader took action to quell the rising tensions.
這位領袖採取行動平息日益升高的緊張情勢。
同義詞：suppress, calm, subdue, pacify反義詞：inflame, provoke
Despite facing numerous physical injuries and financial obstacles, the Paralympic athlete’s pursuit of Olympic glory remained unwavering throughout her career.
(A) lucrative (B) preliminary(C) tenacious(D) wretched C
【解析】
「儘管面臨許多身體傷害與財務阻礙，這位帕運選手對奧運榮耀的追求在其職涯中始終毫不動搖。」
空格描述的是「對目標堅定不放棄」，因此應為正面、象徵毅力、堅持、韌性的形容詞。
(A) lucrative — 可觀的、賺錢的、獲利高的
lucrative business 高利潤的生意lucrative career 很賺錢的職涯
She left her job for a more lucrative opportunity.
她離職去尋找更賺錢的機會。
同義詞：profitable, rewarding反義詞：unprofitable, low-paying
(B) preliminary — 初步的、預備的
preliminary round 預賽preliminary findings 初步結論
The team released preliminary results of the study.
該團隊公布了研究的初步結果。
同義詞：initial, preparatory反義詞：final
(C) tenacious — 堅韌的、頑強的、堅持不懈的
tenacious determination 頑強的決心tenacious spirit 堅毅的精神
tenacious pursuit 堅持不懈的追求（本題語境最貼切）
Her tenacious efforts eventually led to success.
她堅持不懈的努力最終帶來成功。
同義詞：persistent, determined, resolute反義詞：weak, yielding, irresolute
(D) wretched — 悲慘的、可憐的、極差的（負面）
wretched conditions 悲慘的環境feel wretched 感覺糟透了
He lived in wretched poverty during his childhood.
他的童年生活在極度的貧困中。
同義詞：miserable, pitiful反義詞：fortunate, admirable
In a puzzling _____ from the norm, July temperatures plummeted to record lows, defying the season’s characteristic summer warmth.
(A) aberration (B) benevolence (C) parsimony (D) spontaneity A
【解析】「在一個令人困惑的 ________ 中，七月氣溫驟降到破紀錄的低點，完全違背了這個季節典型的夏季暖意。」
“from the norm” → 從常態中偏離七月降溫破紀錄 → 不正常、異常
空格應填入「偏離正常、異常現象」的名詞
(A) aberration — 異常、偏離正常（正確答案）
an aberration from the norm 偏離常態a rare aberration 罕見的異常
moral aberration 道德偏差
The sudden drop in sales was an aberration, not a trend.
銷量的突然下降是一個異常，而不是趨勢。
同義詞：anomaly, deviation, irregularity
反義詞：norm, standard, regularity
(B) benevolence — 仁慈、善意
act of benevolence 仁慈的行為benevolent leader 仁慈的領導者
Her benevolence toward the poor was well known.
她對窮人的仁慈眾所皆知。
同義詞：kindness, generosity反義詞：malice, cruelty
(C) parsimony — 吝嗇、過度節儉
extreme parsimony 極端吝嗇famous for his parsimony 以吝嗇聞名
His parsimony kept him from spending on even basic needs.
他的吝嗇使他連基本需求都不願花錢。
同義詞：stinginess, frugality反義詞：generosity
(D) spontaneity — 自發性、自然的行為
childlike spontaneity 像孩子般的自然
emotional spontaneity 情感的自然流露
I admire the spontaneity of his decisions.我欣賞他做決定時的自然與不造作。
同義詞：impulsiveness, naturalness反義詞：premeditation（預謀）
With substantial capital reserves and innovative digital marketing strategies, the young ecommerce enterprise began to _____ in a challenging post-pandemic market.
(A) diffuse (B) heckle (C) ponder (D) thrive D
【解析】「憑藉雄厚的資本儲備與創新的數位行銷策略，這家年輕的電子商務企業在充滿挑戰的後疫情市場中開始 _______。」
“substantial capital reserves” + “innovative strategies” → 企業有能力成功空格應填入表示 繁榮、成長、興盛 的動詞
(A) diffuse — 擴散、傳播、散布
diffuse information 傳播資訊diffuse light 擴散光線
The teacher diffused knowledge to all students.
老師將知識傳授給所有學生。
同義詞：spread, disseminate反義詞：concentrate, gather
(B) heckle — 逗弄、起鬨、打斷發言
heckle a speaker 打斷演講者heckled by the audience 被觀眾起鬨
The comedian was heckled throughout the show.
這位喜劇演員整場表演都被起鬨。
同義詞：interrupt, jeer反義詞：applaud
(C) ponder — 仔細思考、沉思
ponder the consequences 深思後果ponder over a decision 仔細思考決定
She pondered the question for several minutes.
她思考這個問題好幾分鐘。
同義詞：consider, contemplate反義詞：ignore, neglect
(D) thrive — 興旺、繁榮、茁壯（正確答案）
thrive in adversity 在逆境中茁壯business thrives 企業興旺
thrive on challenges 以挑戰為動力
Despite tough competition, the startup thrived.
儘管競爭激烈，這家新創公司依然茁壯成長。
同義詞：flourish, prosper, succeed反義詞：fail, decline
After the devastating earthquake destroyed vital infrastructure, the coastal community’s spirit shone through rapid rebuilding efforts and mutual support networks.
(A) glutinous (B) honorific (C) legitimate (D) resilient D
【解析】「在毀壞重要基礎設施的毀滅性地震之後，這個沿海社區的精神透過迅速的重建行動與互助網絡得以展現。」
描述社區的精神特質句中提到「迅速重建」與「互助網絡」，暗示社區具有 堅韌、能恢復能力
(A) glutinous — 黏性的、膠狀的
glutinous rice 糯米glutinous texture 黏稠的質地
The dough became glutinous after too much kneading.
麵團經過過度揉捏後變得黏稠。
同義詞：sticky, viscous反義詞：dry, nonsticky
(B) honorific — 表示尊敬的、榮譽的
honorific title 尊稱honorific speech 表示敬意的語言
He was addressed with an honorific title by the elders.
他受到長輩以尊稱稱呼。
同義詞：respectful, ceremonial反義詞：disrespectful
(C) legitimate — 合法的、正當的
legitimate business 合法生意legitimate claim 正當的要求
The government recognized her claim as legitimate.
政府承認她的要求是正當的。
同義詞：lawful, valid反義詞：illegitimate, invalid
(D) resilient — 有彈性、堅韌的、能迅速恢復的
resilient community 有韌性的社區resilient spirit 堅韌的精神
resilient in adversity 在逆境中堅韌
The resilient people rebuilt their town after the hurricane.
居民在颶風過後重建了他們的城鎮，展現出堅韌精神。
同義詞：tough, strong, adaptable反義詞：fragile, weak
The gubernatorial candidate’s blatant _____ during televised debates eroded public trust and triggered a significant voter exodus across all demographics.
(A) conundrum (B) juxtaposition (C) mendacity (D) resurgence C
【解析】「這位州長候選人在電視辯論中明目張膽的 _______，削弱了公眾信任，並導致各族群選民大量流失。」
“blatant” → 明目張膽、顯而易見的後面提到“eroded public trust” → 損害信任空格應填入不誠實、欺騙或虛假的行為
(A) conundrum — 難題、複雜問題
a moral conundrum 道德困境face a conundrum 面臨難題
The company faced a conundrum when deciding whether to lay off employees.公司在是否裁員時面臨難題。
同義詞：puzzle, dilemma, enigma反義詞：solution, answer
(B) juxtaposition — 並列、對比
juxtaposition of images 圖像並列juxtaposition of ideas 觀念對比
The artist used the juxtaposition of light and dark to create dramatic effect.
藝術家利用明暗對比創造戲劇效果。
同義詞：adjacency, comparison反義詞：separation
(C) mendacity — 虛偽、不誠實
blatant mendacity 明目張膽的虛偽political mendacity 政治上的不誠實
The politician’s mendacity was exposed by investigative journalists.
政治人物的不誠實被調查記者揭露。
同義詞：dishonesty, deceit, falsehood反義詞：honesty, truthfulness
(D) resurgence — 復甦、重新興起
resurgence of interest 興趣的復甦resurgence of the economy 經濟復甦
There has been a resurgence of traditional crafts in the region.
該地區傳統工藝重新興起。
同義詞：revival, comeback反義詞：decline, fall
While the professor’s scholarly lectures clarified complex philosophical concepts for undergraduates, his overly _____ approach sometimes inhibited creative intellectual discussion in the classroom.
(A) convoluted (B) didactic (C) hereditary (D) nascent B
【解析】「雖然教授的學術講座為本科生釐清了複雜的哲學概念，但他過於 _______ 的方式，有時抑制了課堂中創造性的智力討論。」
前半句是正面：clarified complex concepts → 教授學識淵博
後半句是負面：inhibited creative discussion → 過度的方法限制了學生創意空格應填入 過於教條、說教式、限制性的方式
(A) convoluted — 複雜的、錯綜的
convoluted argument 錯綜複雜的論點
convoluted explanation 難以理解的解釋
His convoluted story confused everyone in the room.
他那錯綜複雜的故事讓在場的人都困惑。
同義詞：complicated, intricate反義詞：simple, straightforward
(B) didactic — 教條式的、說教的
didactic approach 教條式方法overly didactic teacher 過於說教的老師
Her didactic style often left students reluctant to speak up.
她過於說教的教學方式常讓學生不願發言。
同義詞：pedantic, instructive反義詞：informal, engaging
(C) hereditary — 遺傳的、世襲的
hereditary disease 遺傳疾病hereditary title 世襲頭銜
He suffers from a hereditary condition.他患有遺傳性疾病。
同義詞：genetic, inherited反義詞：acquired, learned
(D) nascent — 初期的、萌芽的
nascent industry 初生產業nascent talent 新興人才
The nascent technology shows great promise.
這項新興技術顯示出巨大的潛力。
同義詞：emerging, budding反義詞：mature, established
Sophisticated hackers constantly develop new encryption-breaking methods to _____ seemingly impenetrable corporate security systems with alarming success.
(A) barricade (B) circumvent (C) materialize (D) relinquish B
【解析】「高級駭客不斷開發新的破密碼方法，以 ______ 看似牢不可破的企業安全系統，並且成功率令人震驚。」
“seemingly impenetrable corporate security systems” → 安全系統看似無法突破駭客的行為 → 需要 突破、繞過或規避
(A) barricade — 設路障、阻擋
barricade the entrance 封鎖入口barricade oneself 自我設防
Protesters barricaded the street with vehicles.
抗議者用車輛封鎖街道。
同義詞：block, obstruct反義詞：open, allow
(B) circumvent — 規避、繞過、防止…發生
circumvent security measures 繞過安全措施
circumvent restrictions 規避限制
Hackers found a way to circumvent the firewall.
駭客找到方法繞過防火牆。
同義詞：bypass, evade, avoid反義詞：confront, comply
(C) materialize — 實現、發生
dreams materialize 夢想成真threats materialize 威脅發生
The plan materialized after months of preparation.
計畫經過數月準備後實現。
同義詞：appear, emerge, occur反義詞：disappear, vanish
(D) relinquish — 放棄、交出
relinquish control 放棄控制relinquish rights 放棄權利
He relinquished his claim to the property.他放棄了對該財產的所有權。
同義詞：surrender, give up反義詞：retain, claim
The philosopher contemplated the _____ nature of earthly pleasures, acknowledging their ephemeral existence against the backdrop of eternal cosmic change.
(A) incorrigible (B) pellucid (C) transient (D) ubiquitous C
【解析】哲學家沉思著人間歡愉的 _____ 本質，承認它們在永恆宇宙變化的背景下，只是**曇花一現（短暫）**的存在。
關鍵詞：ephemeral existence → 短暫、稍縱即逝
(A) incorrigible — 無可救藥的、不可矯正的
incorrigible habit 不可救藥的習慣incorrigible criminal 無可救藥的罪犯
He is an incorrigible optimist despite repeated failures.
儘管屢遭失敗，他仍是個無可救藥的樂觀主義者。
同義詞：unreformable, hopeless反義詞：correctable, reformable
(B) pellucid — 清澈的、明晰的
pellucid water 清澈的水pellucid writing 明晰易懂的文章
Her explanation was pellucid and easy to understand.
她的解釋清晰易懂。
同義詞：transparent, clear反義詞：opaque, obscure
(C) transient — 短暫的、轉瞬即逝的
transient pleasure 短暫的快樂transient phenomenon 暫時的現象
Life’s joys are transient, but memories can last forever.
人生的快樂是短暫的，但回憶可以永存。
同義詞：fleeting, ephemeral, temporary
反義詞：permanent, enduring, lasting
(D) ubiquitous — 無所不在的、普遍存在的
ubiquitous technology 無處不在的科技ubiquitous presence 普遍存在
Smartphones have become ubiquitous in modern society.
智慧型手機在現代社會無所不在。
同義詞：omnipresent, pervasive反義詞：rare, scarce
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