People has been urging the government to take measures to improve public safety ever since reports surfaced that school children were often ______ by drunk strangers at the station.
(A) abridged(B) accosted(C) affiliated(D) annihilated
【解析】自從有報導指出學童經常在車站被醉酒的陌生人 ______ 之後,人們便一直敦促政府採取措施來改善公共安全。
(A) abridged刪節的;縮短的(通常指書籍、文章)
an abridged version(刪節版)abridged edition(節略本)
The novel was published in an abridged form for young readers.
這本小說為年輕讀者出版了刪節版。
同義詞: shortened, condensed反義詞: unabridged, complete
(B) accosted搭訕;騷擾;冒然上前質問(通常帶有威脅或令人不舒服的意味)
accost a stranger(搭訕陌生人)
be accosted on the street(在街上被騷擾)
She was accosted by a drunk man on her way home.
她在回家的路上被一名醉漢騷擾。
同義詞: harass, approach, confront反義詞: avoid, ignore, leave alone
(C) affiliated隸屬於;與……有關聯
be affiliated with(隸屬於)affiliated organization(附屬機構)
The hospital is affiliated with the university.這家醫院隸屬於該大學。
同義詞: associated, connected反義詞: independent, separate
(D) annihilated徹底摧毀;消滅
annihilate an enemy(殲滅敵人)be annihilated by(被徹底摧毀)
The city was almost annihilated by the earthquake.
這座城市幾乎被地震完全摧毀。
同義詞: destroy, wipe out反義詞: create, preserve
In the fiction, Stacy’s ______ dreams of becoming a mermaid revealed her vivid imagination and fantastical aspirations as a writer.
(A) hedonistic(B) amenable(C) vociferous(D) chimerical
【解析】在這部小說中,Stacy 那些 ______ 的「想成為美人魚的夢想」展現了她身為作家豐富的想像力與幻想性的抱負。
(A) hedonistic享樂主義的;追求感官享受的
hedonistic lifestyle(享樂主義的生活方式)
hedonistic pleasures(感官享樂)
He lived a hedonistic life filled with parties and luxury.
他過著充滿派對與奢華的享樂生活。
同義詞: pleasure-seeking, self-indulgent
反義詞: ascetic, disciplined
(B) amenable樂於配合的;順從的;可接受的
be amenable to change(願意接受改變)
amenable solution(可接受的解決方案)
She was amenable to our suggestion.她樂於接受我們的建議。
同義詞: agreeable, cooperative反義詞: resistant, uncooperative
(C) vociferous大聲疾呼的;吵鬧的;激烈表達的
vociferous protest(強烈抗議)vociferous supporter(高聲支持者)
The crowd was vociferous in its demands.群眾大聲疾呼他們的訴求。
同義詞: loud, outspoken反義詞: quiet, restrained
(D) chimerical空想的;幻想的;不切實際的
chimerical dream(不切實際的夢想)chimerical idea(幻想的想法)
His plan to live forever was purely chimerical.
他想要長生不老的計畫完全是幻想。
同義詞: imaginary, fantastical, unrealistic反義詞: realistic, practical
Despite the pressures from her family, she pursued her passion for art history of her own ______, undeterred by her parents’ objections.
(A) volition(B) canker(C) probity(D) hassle
【解析】儘管承受來自家人的壓力,她仍然依照自己 ______ 追求對藝術史的熱情,絲毫不受父母反對的影響。
(A) volition意志;自主選擇;出於本人的決定
of one’s own volition(出於自己的意願)
act of one’s own volition(自發行動)
She left the company of her own volition.
她是出於自己的意願離開公司的。
同義詞: free will, choice反義詞: coercion, compulsion
(B) canker潰瘍;腐蝕物;使惡化的因素
a canker in society(社會的毒瘤)canker of jealousy(嫉妒的腐蝕)
Jealousy can be a canker that destroys relationships.
嫉妒可能成為摧毀人際關係的毒瘤。
同義詞: blight, corruption反義詞: health, purity
(C) probity正直;誠實;廉潔
moral probity(道德正直)a person of probity(正直的人
The judge was known for his probity and fairness.
這位法官以正直與公正聞名。
同義詞: integrity, honesty反義詞: dishonesty, corruption
(D) hassle麻煩;困擾;爭吵
a lot of hassle(很多麻煩)without hassle(毫不費力地)
Traveling with too much luggage is a hassle.
攜帶太多行李旅行很麻煩。
同義詞: trouble, inconvenience反義詞: ease, convenience
With an eye to saving more lives after the terrifying natural catastrophe, the rescue team searched the victims without ________.
(A) respite(B) condolence(C) nuance(D) harbinger
【解析】為了在那場可怕的自然災害後拯救更多生命,救援隊馬不停蹄地搜尋受害者,毫無 ______。
句中關鍵語意包括「With an eye to saving more lives(為了拯救更多生命)」、「terrifying natural catastrophe(可怕的自然災害)」以及「searched … without ______」。
語境顯示救援行動緊急且持續進行、沒有休息或停歇,因此空格應填入表示「休息、喘息時間」的名詞,其否定形式(without)表示「不休息地」。
(A) respite短暫的休息;喘息的機會
without respite(毫不休息地)a brief respite(短暫的喘息)
The firefighters worked without respite to control the blaze.
消防員毫不停歇地工作以控制火勢。
同義詞: break, relief, rest反義詞: continuation, exertion
(B) condolence哀悼;慰問(通常用複數)
express condolences(表達哀悼)offer one’s condolences(致上慰問)
We offered our condolences to the victims’ families.
我們向受害者家屬表達哀悼之意。
同義詞: sympathy, compassion反義詞: indifference, disregard
(C) nuance細微差別;微妙之處
subtle nuance(細微差異)grasp the nuance(理解細節差別)
The actor captured the emotional nuances of the character.
這位演員掌握了角色情感的細微差別。
同義詞: subtlety, distinction反義詞: bluntness, obviousness
(D) harbinger前兆;預兆(通常指即將到來的事物)
a harbinger of change(改變的前兆)harbinger of doom(災難的預兆)
Dark clouds are often a harbinger of a storm.
烏雲常是暴風雨的前兆。
同義詞: omen, forerunner反義詞: result, consequence
Scholars are often criticized of using ________ academic jargon to discuss enigmatic subjects and ideas.
(A) poignant(B) prolific(C) abstruse(D) myopic
【解析】學者們常被批評在討論晦澀難懂的主題與概念時,使用 ______ 的學術術語。
句中關鍵語意包括「criticized(被批評)」、「academic jargon(學術術語)」以及「enigmatic subjects and ideas(神祕、難懂的主題與想法)」。
語境顯示學者被批評用語艱深、難以理解
(A) poignant令人心酸的;深刻動人的;辛辣的
poignant memory(令人感傷的回憶)
poignant remark(一針見血的評論)
The movie told a poignant story about loss and love.
這部電影講述了一個關於失去與愛的動人故事。
同義詞: touching, moving反義詞: dull, unemotional
(B) prolific多產的;高產的(指作品或成果)
prolific writer(多產作家)prolific output(大量產出)
She is a prolific author who publishes several books a year.
她是一位多產的作家,每年出版好幾本書。
同義詞: productive, fruitful反義詞: unproductive, barren
(C) abstruse深奧的;晦澀難懂的(常指理論、語言或學術內容)
abstruse theory(深奧理論)abstruse language(艱澀的語言)
The professor’s lecture was so abstruse that many students were confused.
那位教授的講課過於深奧,許多學生都感到困惑。
同義詞: obscure, arcane反義詞: clear, straightforward
(D) myopic近視的;目光短淺的
myopic view(短視的觀點)myopic policy(短期政策)
Focusing only on profits is a myopic strategy.
只關注利潤是一種短視的策略。
同義詞: short-sighted, narrow-minded
反義詞: far-sighted, broad-minded
Past victories should not _____ us to become reckless or overconfident in the next challenge.
(A) forfeit(B) confound(C) distrain(D) embolden
【解析】過去的勝利不應該 _____ 我們在下一次挑戰中變得魯莽或過度自信。
句中關鍵語意為「Past victories(過去的勝利)」以及「become reckless or overconfident(變得魯莽或過度自信)」。
語境顯示作者在警告成功可能帶來的負面影響,因此空格應填入表示「使人膽子變大、助長某種行為」的動詞。
forfeit喪失;沒收;失去(權利或財物)
forfeit a chance(喪失機會)forfeit one’s rights(失去權利)
He forfeited his position by breaking the rules.
他因違反規定而失去了職位。
同義詞: lose, surrender反義詞: gain, retain
(B) confound使困惑;使混淆;挫敗
confound expectations(違背/打亂預期)
be confounded by a problem(被問題搞糊塗)
The complex instructions confounded the students.
複雜的指示讓學生們感到困惑。
同義詞: confuse, perplex反義詞: clarify, explain
(C) distrain依法扣押財產(法律用語)
distrain property for rent(因欠租而扣押財產)
The landlord distrained the tenant’s goods for unpaid rent.
房東因租金未付而依法扣押房客的財物。
同義詞: seize, confiscate反義詞: release, return
(D) embolden使更有膽量;使更敢於行動(常含負面結果)
embolden someone to do something(助長某人去做某事)
be emboldened by success(因成功而膽子變大)
His early success emboldened him to take greater risks.
早期的成功助長了他承擔更大風險。
同義詞: encourage, spur反義詞: discourage, deter
The government faced a growing threat from _____ groups operating in the remote mountain regions.
(A) insurgent(B) inscription(C) interstice(D) incision
【解析】政府面臨來自在偏遠山區活動的 ______ 團體日益增加的威脅。
(A) insurgent叛亂的;起事的;造反的
insurgent forces(叛軍)insurgent group(叛亂團體)
The government sent troops to deal with insurgent groups in the hills.
政府派遣部隊對付山區的叛亂團體。
同義詞: rebellious, revolutionary反義詞: loyal, compliant
(B) inscription銘文;刻寫文字
a stone inscription(石刻銘文)
inscription on a monument(紀念碑上的文字)
The ancient tablet had an inscription in Latin.
這塊古代石板上刻有拉丁文銘文。
同義詞: engraving, writing
(C) interstice縫隙;間隙
interstices of the wall(牆壁的縫隙)
small interstices between objects(物體之間的小縫)
Light came through the interstices of the blinds.
光線從百葉窗的縫隙透進來。
同義詞: gap, space反義詞: solid, closure
(D) incision切口;切入
surgical incision(外科切口)make an incision(做一個切口)
The surgeon made a small incision to remove the tumor.
外科醫生做了小切口以切除腫瘤。
同義詞: cut, slit反義詞: closure, seal
The professor was skilled at _____ complex philosophical concepts in a way that students could understand.
(A) chastising(B) explicating(C) obviating(D) derogating
【解析】這位教授擅長以學生能理解的方式 _____ 複雜的哲學概念。
(A) chastising責罵;譴責
chastise someone for mistakes(因錯誤責罵某人)
be chastised by a teacher(被老師責備)
The teacher chastised the students for being late.
老師因學生遲到而責備他們。
同義詞: scold, reprimand反義詞: praise, commend
(B) explicating解釋;闡明;詳細說明
explicate a theory(闡明理論)explicate a concept(解釋概念)
The professor spent the lecture explicating Kant’s philosophy.
教授在課堂上花時間闡明康德的哲學思想。
同義詞: elucidate, clarify, interpret反義詞: obscure, confuse
(C) obviating排除;消除(困難或需要)
obviate the need for manual work(消除手動操作的需求)
obviate potential problems(排除潛在問題)
The new software obviates the need for repeated calculations.
這款新軟體消除了重複計算的需求。
同義詞: prevent, eliminate反義詞: necessitate, require
(D) derogating貶低;損害(名譽或價值)
derogate from someone’s reputation(貶低某人的名譽)
derogatory remark(貶損性言論)
His comment derogated her achievements.他的評論貶低了她的成就。
同義詞: belittle, disparage反義詞: praise, honor
The smell of industrial pollution hanging over the town was both unhealthy and deeply _____ to residents.
(A) collateral(B) delirious(C) repugnant(D) maladroit
【解析】籠罩在小鎮上空的工業污染氣味對居民來說既不健康,又令人非常 ______。
(A) collateral附帶的;擔保品;旁系的
collateral damage(附帶損害)collateral security(擔保品)
The explosion caused collateral damage to nearby buildings.
爆炸對附近建築造成了附帶損害。
同義詞: secondary, additional反義詞: primary, mai
(B) delirious發狂的;精神錯亂的;極度興奮的
delirious with fever(因發燒而精神錯亂)
delirious applause(熱烈的掌聲)
He was delirious with excitement after winning the lottery.
中獎後,他興奮得幾乎精神錯亂。
同義詞: frenzied, ecstatic反義詞: calm, rational\
(C) repugnant令人厭惡的;令人反感的
find something repugnant(覺得某事令人厭惡)
morally repugnant(道德上令人反感)
The stench from the factory was repugnant to everyone in the town.
工廠散發的惡臭令鎮上的每個人都感到厭惡。
同義詞: revolting, offensive, disgusting反義詞: pleasant, agreeable
(D) maladroit笨拙的;不靈巧的
maladroit handling of the situation(笨拙的處理方式)
socially maladroit(社交笨拙)
His maladroit response worsened the conflict.他笨拙的回應使衝突惡化。
同義詞: clumsy, inept反義詞: skillful, adroit
She decorated her living room _____ with gold leaf furniture and ornate chandeliers, creating a sense of overwhelming opulence.
(A) exponentially(B) ostentatiously(C) susceptibly(D) inauspiciously
【解析】她用鍍金家具和華麗的吊燈裝飾她的客廳,營造出一種令人目眩的奢華感。
(A) exponentially指數地;急速增長地
grow exponentially(指數型增長)increase exponentially(急速增加)
The company’s profits grew exponentially over the past year.
公司的利潤在過去一年中呈指數型增長。
同義詞: rapidly, drastically反義詞: slowly, gradually
(B) ostentatiously炫耀地;誇張地;鋪張地
dress ostentatiously(穿得很炫耀)display wealth ostentatiously(炫富)
She decorated her house ostentatiously, with gold and crystal everywhere.
她用金飾和水晶裝飾房子,非常炫耀。
同義詞: showily, flamboyantly, extravagantly
反義詞: modestly, discreetly
(C) susceptibly易受影響地;敏感地
be susceptibly to disease(易受疾病影響)
react susceptibly to criticism(對批評敏感)
Children are susceptibly to environmental changes.
孩子們容易受到環境變化的影響。
同義詞: vulnerably, sensitively反義詞: resiliently, insensitively
(D) inauspiciously不吉利地;不幸地
start inauspiciously(不吉利的開始)inauspicious omen(不祥之兆)
The event began inauspiciously with heavy rain.
活動一開始就下起大雨,十分不吉利。
同義詞: unluckily, unfavorably反義詞: auspiciously, favorably
You may have noticed that Easter eggs are more expensive this year. Nonetheless, did you know that climate change is one of the reasons? Most of chocolate materials in Easter eggs is made from cocoa grown in West Africa, but a humid heatwave has 11 the crops and massively cut yields.
(A) placated(B) apexed(C) blasted(D) fostered
【解析】你可能已經注意到今年的復活節彩蛋變得更貴了。儘管如此,你知道氣候變遷也是原因之一嗎?復活節彩蛋中的巧克力大多來自西非種植的可可,但一場潮濕的熱浪 ____ 了農作物,並大幅削減了產量。
句中關鍵語意包括「humid heatwave(潮濕的熱浪)」、「the crops(農作物)」以及「massively cut yields(大幅減產)」。
語境清楚顯示熱浪對農作物造成嚴重破壞,
(A) placated安撫;平息(憤怒或不滿)
placate an angry customer(安撫憤怒的顧客)
placate fears(平息恐懼)
The manager tried to placate the upset customers.
經理試圖安撫不滿的顧客。
同義詞: soothe, appease反義詞: provoke, aggravate
(B) apexed達到頂點;到達最高峰
apex in popularity(人氣達到高峰)apex of a career(事業巔峰)
Her career apexed in the late 1990s.她的事業在 1990 年代末達到巔峰。
同義詞: peak, culminate反義詞: decline, drop
(C) blasted猛烈破壞;重創;摧毀(口語或新聞常用)
blasted by a storm(被暴風摧毀)blasted crops(受重創的農作物)
The drought and heatwave blasted the crops across the region.
乾旱與熱浪重創了整個地區的農作物。
同義詞: devastated, ruined, destroyed反義詞: protect, preserve
(D) fostered促進;培養;助長
foster growth(促進成長)foster cooperation(促進合作)
The program fostered a love of reading in children.
這個計畫培養了孩子對閱讀的興趣。
同義詞: promote, encourage反義詞: hinder, suppress
Experts say that human-induced climate change has made the extreme heat 12 .
(A) as 10 times more likely to happen
(B) 10 times more likelihood than before
(C) as 10 more time likely as before
(D) 10 times more likely to happen
【解析】專家表示,人為造成的氣候變遷已使極端高溫 _____。
句中關鍵語意為「human-induced climate change(人為造成的氣候變遷)」以及「made the extreme heat …(使極端高溫……)」。
語境要表達的是:極端高溫發生的機率比以前高出許多倍。
本句使用的是 make + 受詞 + 受詞補語(C) 結構:
make + O + C
O(受詞):the extreme heat
C(受詞補語):形容詞片語,說明「極端高溫變得如何」
因此,空格中必須是形容詞用法,而不是名詞。
二、倍數比較的正確結構
英文中表示「機率增加幾倍」的標準結構為:
X times more likely to + V
5 times more likely to occur
10 times more likely to happen
三、選項逐一文法分析
(A) as 10 times more likely to happen
as … as 是「一樣……」的比較結構
不能與 more 同時使用
(B) 10 times more likelihood than before
likelihood 是名詞
但 make + O + C 需要形容詞或形容詞片語
名詞不能直接作為受詞補語
(C) as 10 more time likely as before
time → times(倍數必須用複數)
as … as 結構錯誤
語序不符英文慣用法
(D) 10 times more likely to happen
likely 為形容詞,可作受詞補語
10 times more 為正確倍數比較
to happen 為不定詞補充說明
make + O + adj. phrase(文法正確)
13 the world cannot quickly reduces fossil fuel use, West Africa will probably experience similar heatwaves every two years in the future.
(A) Despite the fact that(B) Given the fact that
(C) For the purpose that(D) With a view that
【解析】一、句型結構判斷
本句為原因 → 結果的結構:
前半句:原因(世界無法快速減少化石燃料使用)
後半句:結果(西非未來將頻繁出現熱浪)
因此空格需填入 「表原因的連接詞片語」,可引導一個完整子句。
(A) Despite the fact that
despite / in spite of 表「讓步」,意思是「儘管」
後句語意卻是因果推論,不是讓步
despite the fact that + 子句
文法對 語意不合(不構成「儘管……卻……」)
(B) Given the fact that
given (the fact) that = considering that / because
用來引導「既然、鑑於」的原因子句
完美銜接後面的結果句
Given the fact that + 子句, 主句
(C) For the purpose that
for the purpose of 後面應接 名詞 / V-ing
for the purpose that 幾乎不成立於標準英文
(D) With a view that
正確用法為:with a view to + N / V-ing 不能接 that 子句
The result of these different extreme events has been the same – the price of cocoa has become more than 15 than that of last year.
(A) halved(B) quadrupled(C) quintupled(D) trebled
【解析】這些不同的極端事件所造成的結果是一樣的——可可的價格已經變得比去年高出超過 ____ 倍。
句中關鍵語意包括「the same result(相同的結果)」以及「the price of cocoa has become more than … than that of last year(價格比去年高出超過……)」;
語境顯示可可價格大幅上漲,而且漲幅非常驚人。在選項中,最能表達「價格暴漲到原來四倍以上」的動詞最符合新聞與經濟語境。
(A) halved減半;變成原來的一半
be halved in price(價格減半)cut something in half(減半)
The company’s profits were halved during the recession.
公司在經濟衰退期間的利潤減半。
同義詞: reduced by half反義詞: doubled, quadrupled
(B) quadrupled增加為四倍
prices quadrupled(價格暴漲四倍)quadruple in value(價值變成四倍)
The price of cocoa has quadrupled due to climate-related crop failures.
由於氣候造成的作物歉收,可可價格已暴漲至四倍。
同義詞: increased fourfold反義詞: quartered, reduced
(C) quintupled增加為五倍
quintuple in size(變成五倍大)quintupled output(產量增加五倍)
The company’s sales quintupled in just two years.
該公司的銷售額在短短兩年內增加為五倍。
同義詞: increased fivefold反義詞: decreased, shrank
(D) trebled增加為三倍
prices trebled(價格變成三倍)
trebled production(產量增加三倍)
Housing prices have trebled over the last decade.
房價在過去十年間增加為三倍。
同義詞: tripled反義詞: reduced, halved
文中明確說明:
一年前:約 $2,800 / 噸
現在:接近 $8,500 / 噸
實際倍數計算(這是關鍵)
8500÷2800≈3.04
現在的價格 超過原來的 3 倍,而且「逼近 4 倍」。
英文中「三倍」vs「變成三倍」的差別(超重要)
trebled = 變成「原來的三倍」
trebled = final amount = 3 × original
也就是:
2800×3=8400
但實際價格是 接近 8500, 已經超過「正好三倍」的範圍。
quadrupled = 變成「原來的四倍」
quadrupled = final amount ≈ 4 × original
2800×4=11200
雖然還沒到 11200,但題目用的是:
has become more than ___ than that of last year
這個句型允許「超過三倍、接近四倍」的描述。
如果數字超過 3 倍但未滿 4 倍,考試通常選「quadrupled」而不選「trebled」
不是 (D) trebled,而是 (B) quadrupled
因為價格已超過三倍,並接近四倍,而英文倍數動詞在考試中採用「向上取值」的語意判斷。
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