瞬間動詞定義
表示該動作一發生後就馬上結束，無法有持續性的行為發生。該動作在一瞬間的時間即可完成。因此，無法使用於現在完成式，也無法使用於含有「持續性」意思的動詞時態。例如：進行式。但少數動詞在動名詞時有特定意思者除外。
瞬間動詞有哪些
begin, start, arrive, go, come, leave →亦為來去動詞
來去動詞可以使用現在進行式代替未來式
I am going to the park. = I will go to the park.
I am coming here.我即將抵達。
The train is arriving.火車即將到站。
The movie is beginning. 電影開始了。
find(發現、找到) get up(起床) reach(抵達) get to(到達) enter(進入) hear(聽到)
stop(停止) open(打開) close(關閉) become(成為) buy(買) borrow(借入) lend(借出)
happen(發生) join(加入) lose(失去) renew(更新) die(死亡) take away(拿走、帶走)
put up(建造) set out(出發) put on(穿上) get on(上車) get off(下車) kill(殺)
marry(結婚) appear(出現) disappear(消失) end(結束) fall(掉落) last(持續)
remain(保持) sit(坐下) spread(傳播) stand(站立) break out(爆發) come true(成真)
catch a cold(感冒) receive(收到) move(移動) finish(結束)等。這類動詞不勝枚舉，以上僅為其中之一部份。
瞬間動詞的用法
無法使用於現在完成式表示一段時間的句子中
Mary has died for ten years.(X)
→ Mary has been dead for ten years.(O)
→ die 為瞬間動詞，該動作無法持續十年，人無法十年一直重覆死亡的動作。
Cindy has bought a pair of shoes since she was young.(X)
→ Cindy has kept a pair of shoes since she was young.(O)
→buy 該動作無法從小時候一直買到現在
用於兩件事情同時發生時，瞬間動詞使用過去一般式，持續性動詞使用過去進行式
When Mary closed the door, Lily was watching TV.當瑪莉關門時，莉莉正在看電視。
Kate was cooking dinner when John came home.當John 回家時，kate正在煮飯。
持續性動詞定義
表示一個動作可以持續一段時間
常見的有study, play, do, read, learn, drive, write, sleep, speak,talk, wait, fly, write,lie, keep等。
Mary has studied English for ten years. Mary讀英文10年了。
They have waited here for one hour.他們已經在這裡等了一小時。
| 瞬間動詞 | 持續性動詞 | 中文 |
| leave | be away | 離開 |
| borrow | keep | 借入 |
| buy | have | 購買 |
| begin/start | be on | 開始 |
| die | be dead | 死亡 |
| move to | live in | 搬家 |
| arrive | be here | 抵達 |
| finish/ complete | be over/be down | 完成 |
| join | be in/be a member of | 參加 |
| open sth. | keep sth. open | 打開某物 |
| kill | be kill | 殺死 |
| catch a cold | have a cold | 感冒 |
| fall asleep | be asleep | 沈睡 |
| wake up | be awake | 醒來 |
| return/come back | be back | 回來 |
| get lost | be lost | 迷路 |
| marry/get married | be married | 結婚 |
| turn on | be on | 開 |
| turn off | be off | 關 |
| go on leave | be on leave | 請假 |
| graduate | be out of school | 畢業 |
| catch a cold | have a cold | 感冒 |
| give a party | have a party | 舉辦聚會 |
| come here | be here | 來此處 |
| put on | wear | 穿 |
when while 兩個動作同時發生
| When+S+過去簡單式動詞,S+過去簡單式動詞。 | When Cindy wrote the song, she was only ten years old. | 兩件瞬間動作在某一時間點同時發生。 |
| While+S+過去進行式,S+過去進行式 | WhileI watching TV, my dog was sleeping. | 兩件持續性動作在某一時間點同時發生。 |
| S+過去簡單式 while+S+過去進行式。 | While Mom was doing the dishes, Judy entered the kitchen. =When Judy entered the kitchen, Mom was doing the dishes. | When 連接持續的長時間的動作，主要子句連接瞬間短時間的動作 |
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