lest /for fear of /for fear that 以免唯恐文法

作者:

S + V + lest S (should) VR

 → S + V + for fear that S should/might VR

本句型在介紹表否定目的的句型「以免、唯恐」。

相關句型還有S+V+for fear of + V-ing

S+V+ in order not to + VR

S+V+so as not to + VR

S+V+not to + VR…

 (1) S + V…for fear of + V-ing

為介詞片語的用法。

• We should be careful of what we say for fear of hurting others.

我們應該注意我們所說的話以免傷害其他人

• We must pay close attention to traffic safety for fear of having accidents.

我們應該密切注意交通安全以免出意外。

We have to study hard for fear of failing the test.

我們必須努力讀書以免考試失敗。

S + V…in order not to + VR      

不定詞的否定在To VR前加not

in order not to 可與 so as not to 以及not to 交換使用。

We should exercise every day in order not to be sick.

我們應該每天運動以免生病。

S + V + lest S (should) VR

 S + V + for fear that + S + should/might VR

lest + S + (should) VR之句型在現代英文中已漸漸為for fear that取代。

• We started early for fear that we should get caught in the traffic.

我們即早出發以免塞車

so that + S + 否定動詞

S + V…so that/in order that + S + 否定動詞

• Many girls avoid eating sweets so that they may not gain weight.

→ Many girls avoid eating sweets lest they (should) gain weight.

→ Many girls avoid eating sweets for fear that they should/might gain weight.

→ Many girls avoid eating sweets so as not to gain weight.

in case + S + (should) VR…

(1) …in case of + N是介係詞片語，用來描述「如果 / 當事情發生時我們該做些什麼」，意思和 in case 差不多。因為 of 是介係詞，後面通常加名詞或代名詞，常用結構為「 in case of + 名詞 / 代名詞」。

In case of emergency, call the police. 如果發生緊急事件，打給警察

(2) …in case + S + (should) VR

in case 是連接詞片語，用來描述「我們要預先做好某些準備，以防萬一」。置於句首可當if 使用， 當作「萬一」解，後面則可接現在式或過去式。

Write the telephone number down in case you forget.
把電話號碼寫下來以免忘了

case 用法補充

in the case of 意思是「至於；在…情況下」，在提及另一件事情時可以使用。

In the case of his health, he shouldn’t go out.就他的健康狀況來說,他不應該外出。

in any case無論如何,相當於at any rate， at any price， at any cost ，whatever happens.如

In any case, you had better consult the doctor.

At any rate, you had better consult the doctor. 無論如何你最好去請醫生診察。

in no case 在任何情形下決不; 無論如何都不,置於句首時,須用倒裝語序。如:

In no case are you to leave your post

在任何情況下你都不能離開你的崗位。

In no case will he give up the experiment

無論如何他都不會放棄那個試驗。

such being the case既然如此,情況既然是這樣

Such being the case , i ‘ ll go there alone

既然如此，我只能一個人去了。

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