不定詞做形容詞及副詞的文法

Table of Contents

to VR拿來當做形容詞修飾名詞，以及當作副詞修飾形容詞。

不定詞做形容詞

…名詞(先行詞)+ to RV(原型動詞) →不定詞做形容詞→修飾先行詞

I have nothing to say. 我無話可說。不定詞to say 做形容詞，修飾受詞nothing

他們沒有房子可以住。

They have no house to live in. 不定詞 to live in 修飾 house

=They have no house which they can live in. 形容詞子句修飾house

=They have no house in which they can live. 形容詞子句修飾house→有介係詞可移至關代前

=They have no house in which to live. 簡化句型

live 為不及物動詞，不能使用live the house，需使用live in the house ，因此有介係詞in

此句型中不定詞所修飾的名詞是「及物動詞的受詞」或是「介係詞的受詞」

主詞+be動詞+ 形容詞 to RV… 不定詞修飾形容詞，通常至於形容詞之後

The question is difficult to answer. 這個問題難以回答。

I am glad to see you again. 很高興再次見到你。 to see you again 修飾glad

(A C D )1.I need a kitchen ________. (複選) (A) to cook in (B) to cook (C) where I can cook (D) in which to cook

( D )2. Defeats are nothing __________. (A) to ashame (B) be ashamed of (C) to be ashamed (D) to be ashamed of

( C )3. There are many ways _______ our free time. (A) spend (B) spending (C) to spend (D) which to spend

( ABCD)4. I am sorry ______.(複選) (A)you are sick. (B) for the mistake (C) to trouble you (D) to have kept you waiting

be sorry that s+v = be sorry for N =be sorry to VR